Central Asia has become a key node of the belt and road corridor. It is located in arid and semi-arid climate regions, and it is a region where the contribution of global aerosols of sand and dust is continuous. However, few studies have been conducted on the Central Asian aerosol optical depth. Therefore, this paper relied on the belt and road sustainable development dataset to analyze the spatial-temporal variations in the AOD in Central Asia and provide spatial-temporal characteristics of the AOD for environmental services. We analyzed the spatial and temporal variation in the aerosol optical depth (AOD) in Central Asia by using MODIS/AQUA C6 MYD08_M3 images from 2008 to 2017. The results showed that (1) the annual average AOD in Central Asia in the past decade varied from 0.183 to 0.232, which indicated a slow decline starting in 2014. The percentage of average annual decline was approximately 0.18%, and the regular distinct revealed the distribution characteristics of AOD. In different years, the Central Asian region exhibited the similar monthly change characteristics: from July to December, the AOD decreased, and from December to February, it increased. In different seasons, the Central Asian region exhibited the different seasonal change characteristics: the AOD value was higher in the spring and summer. The mean values in the spring, summer, autumn, and winter were 0.273, 0.240, 0.155, and 0.183, respectively, and the standard deviations were 0.036, 0.038, 0.025, and 0.048, respectively. (3) Based on spatial distribution characteristics, the Tarim Basin, Aral Sea region, and Ebinur Lake area were high value areas, and Kazakhstan was a low value area. The AOD of the surrounding area of the Aral Sea had increased in the last 5 years, while that of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan had decreased. The AOD of the Taklamakan area exhibited an inter-annual change. Sand dust aerosols were the largest contributors to the AOD in the Taklamakan area. The rising trend of the AOD in the Aral Sea area was clear, with an average annual increase of 0.234%, and the contribution of salt dust aerosols to the AOD increased. The average annual AOD in the Ebinur Lake area remained stable.

中文翻译：

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基于中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）探索中亚气溶胶光学深度（AOD）的时空特征。

中亚地区已成为“一带一路”走廊的关键节点。它位于干旱和半干旱气候区域，是全球沙尘气溶胶持续贡献的区域。然而，关于中亚气溶胶光学深度的研究很少。因此，本文依靠“一带一路”可持续发展数据集来分析中亚地区AOD的时空变化，并为环境服务提供AOD的时空特征。我们使用MODIS / AQUA C6 MYD08_M3图像对2008年至2017年中亚地区气溶胶光学深度（AOD）的时空变化进行了分析。结果表明：（1）过去十年中亚地区的年平均AOD变化从0.183到0.232，这表明从2014年开始缓慢下降。年平均下降的百分比约为0.18％，并且有规律地显示AOD的分布特征。在不同年份中，中亚地区表现出相似的月度变化特征：从7月到12月，AOD下降，从12月到2月，AOD上升。在不同季节，中亚地区表现出不同的季节变化特征：春季和夏季的AOD值较高。春季，夏季，秋季和冬季的平均值分别为0.273、0.240、0.155和0.183，标准偏差分别为0.036、0.038、0.025和0.048。（3）从空间分布特征看，塔里木盆地，咸海地区和艾比湖面积为高价值区域，哈萨克斯坦为低价值区域。在过去的五年中，咸海周边地区的AOD有所增加，而哈萨克斯坦，乌兹别克斯坦和土库曼斯坦的AOD有所下降。塔克拉玛干地区的AOD呈年际变化。沙尘气溶胶是塔克拉玛干地区AOD的最大贡献者。咸海地区AOD的上升趋势很明显，年均增长0.234％，盐尘气溶胶对AOD的贡献增加。艾比湖地区的年平均AOD保持稳定。咸海地区AOD的上升趋势很明显，年均增长0.234％，盐尘气溶胶对AOD的贡献增加。艾比湖地区的年平均AOD保持稳定。咸海地区AOD的上升趋势很明显，年均增长0.234％，盐尘气溶胶对AOD的贡献增加。艾比湖地区的年平均AOD保持稳定。