INTRODUCTION Neuroendoscopic biopsy represents the procedure of choice for pure intraventricular lesions. Instead, in case of deep-seated paraventricular tumors, with intact ependyma, the advantage of neuroendoscopy over stereotactic biopsy is not so evident, because the lesion is not under direct vision; the tissue sample may be limited to more superficial ependymal layer, and bleeding may obscurate vision. Also, stereotactic biopsy may reserve additional problems for these lesions: inaccuracy caused by leak of cerebrospinal fluid and increased risk of severe hemorrhage due to damage of the ependymal vessels. CASE REPORTS We report two cases of young children affected by thalamic tumors that were biopsied using a modification of a recently proposed technique: endoscopic visual control, neuronavigated needle biopsy. CONCLUSION This technique may combine the accuracy of a stereotactic needle biopsy with the advantage of visual control on site of ependymal puncture and possibility of immediate bleeding control.

中文翻译：

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丘脑肿瘤的内窥镜穿刺活检：技术说明。

引言 神经内窥镜活检是单纯脑室内病变的首选方法。相反，对于具有完整室管膜的深部室旁肿瘤，神经内窥镜检查优于立体定向活检的优势并不明显，因为病变不在直视下；组织样本可能仅限于更浅的室管膜层，出血可能会影响视力。此外，立体定向活检可能会为这些病变保留额外的问题：由脑脊液泄漏引起的不准确性以及由于室管膜血管损伤导致严重出血的风险增加。病例报告 我们报告了两例受丘脑肿瘤影响的幼儿，这些病例使用最近提出的技术的改进进行活检：内窥镜视觉控制、神经导航针活检。