Recent developments of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) raise an interest for aerial magnetic measurements closer to the sources than the usual aeromagnetic surveys done with planes. For some years now, the ECA Group has been developing an UAV named IT-180. It was decided to use this UAV to carry a three-component fluxgate magnetometer in order to measure ships’ signature. Some major issues are addressed as the magnetic field of the drone is reduced as low as possible. On the other hand, vector magnetic measurements cannot be performed with a moving sensor and only the total magnetic field can be measured. It is shown how the influence of a carrier and the three main types of errors of the fluxgate magnetometer can be reduced using calibration and compensation procedures, and two different methods are proposed to compute the three components of the magnetic field using the total magnetic field measurements. Finally, those methods are field tested using a calibrated source with a strong vertical magnetization.

中文翻译：

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无人机机载磁力测量及偶极子总磁化的测定

无人机 (UAV) 的最新发展引起了人们对比通常用飞机进行的航空磁测量更接近源的航空磁测量的兴趣。几年来，ECA 集团一直在开发一种名为 IT-180 的无人机。决定使用这架无人机携带一个三分量磁通门磁力计，以测量船舶的特征。随着无人机的磁场尽可能降低，一些主要问题得到解决。另一方面，矢量磁测量不能用移动传感器进行，只能测量总磁场。显示了如何使用校准和补偿程序减少载波的影响和磁通门磁力计的三种主要误差类型，并且提出了两种不同的方法来使用总磁场测量来计算磁场的三个分量。最后，使用具有强垂直磁化强度的校准源对这些方法进行现场测试。