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Obesity: novel and unusual predisposing factors.
Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-19 , DOI: 10.1177/2042018820922018
Petra Hanson 1 , Martin O Weickert 1 , Thomas M Barber 1
Affiliation  

To tackle the complexity of the global obesity epidemic, it is important to consider the many predisposing factors that underlie progressive and sustained weight gain. Some of the biological drivers for weight gain following initial weight loss include persistent changes in appetite hormones [including ghrelin and postprandial plasma peptide YY (PYY)], and ‘persistent metabolic adaptation’. However, many factors within our busy, stressful modern-day environment seem to conspire towards promotion of weight gain. These include the effects of sleep deprivation on appetite regulation, and the effects of modern-day technology on ‘attention competition’. These factors, combined with cultural and societal factors can result in a ‘mindless’ attitude regarding eating-related behaviour that is likely to predispose to weight gain. In addition to the external environment, our internal environment within the gut has also changed radically within the last few decades, resulting from changes in fibre intake, and increased ingestion of highly refined, sterilised and processed foods. Although contentious, these dietary changes have implications for our gut microbiota, and possible downstream effects on control of appetite and metabolism. In this brief review, we consider some of the novel predisposing factors for weight gain within our modern-day 21st century environments (both external and internal), and explore how legal terminology can help to conceptualise the numerous factors that contribute towards weight gain, and, ultimately the global obesity epidemic.



中文翻译:

肥胖:新颖和不寻常的诱发因素。

为了解决全球肥胖流行病的复杂性,重要的是要考虑到逐步增加和持续增加体重的许多诱发因素。最初体重减轻后体重增加的一些生物学驱动因素包括食欲激素的持续变化[包括生长素释放肽和餐后血浆肽YY(PYY)]和“持续代谢适应性”。然而,在我们繁忙,压力重重的现代环境中,许多因素似乎合谋促进体重增加。这些包括睡眠不足对食欲调节的影响,以及现代技术对“注意力竞争”的影响。这些因素,再加上文化和社会因素,可能导致对饮食相关行为的“无意识”态度,这很容易使体重增加。除了外部环境,由于纤维摄入量的变化以及高度精制,消毒和加工食品的摄入量增加,过去几十年来,我们肠道内部的环境也发生了根本变化。尽管有争议,但这些饮食变化对我们的肠道菌群有影响,并可能对食欲和代谢控制产生下游影响。在这篇简短的评论中,我们考虑了当今21世纪环境中(外部和内部)体重增加的一些新颖诱因,并探讨法律术语如何帮助概念化导致体重增加的众多因素,以及,最终导致全球肥胖流行。是由于纤维摄入量的变化,以及高度精制,消毒和加工食品的摄入增加所致。尽管有争议,但这些饮食变化对我们的肠道菌群有影响,并可能对食欲和代谢控制产生下游影响。在这篇简短的评论中,我们考虑了当今21世纪环境中(外部和内部)体重增加的一些新颖诱因,并探讨法律术语如何帮助概念化导致体重增加的众多因素,以及,最终导致全球肥胖流行。是由于纤维摄入量的变化,以及高度精制,消毒和加工食品的摄入增加所致。尽管有争议,但这些饮食变化对我们的肠道菌群有影响,并可能对食欲和代谢的控制产生下游影响。在这篇简短的评论中,我们考虑了21世纪现代环境(外部和内部)中体重增加的一些新颖诱因,并探讨法律术语如何帮助概念化导致体重增加的众多因素,以及,最终导致全球肥胖流行。以及可能对食欲和新陈代谢的控制产生下游影响。在这篇简短的评论中,我们考虑了当今21世纪环境中(外部和内部)体重增加的一些新颖诱因,并探讨法律术语如何帮助概念化导致体重增加的众多因素,以及,最终导致全球肥胖流行。以及可能对食欲和新陈代谢的控制产生下游影响。在这篇简短的评论中,我们考虑了当今21世纪环境中(外部和内部)体重增加的一些新颖诱因,并探讨法律术语如何帮助概念化导致体重增加的众多因素,以及,最终导致全球肥胖流行。

更新日期:2020-05-19
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