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Solvent Suitability for HFPO-DA ("GenX" Parent Acid) in Toxicological Studies.
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 10.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-18 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00323
Hannah K Liberatore 1 , Stephen R Jackson 2 , Mark J Strynar 2 , James P McCord 2
Affiliation  

Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are of significant interest because of their prevalence and environmental persistence. In addition, for many PFAS, including fluorinated ethers such as hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA, or the parent acid of “GenX”), toxicological data are sparse. In general, in vitro testing frequently uses dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a carrier solvent due to its low toxicity, solubility across vast chemical space, and permeation across biological barriers. For PFAS, laboratory practice has assumed that the materials are stable across a wide range of solvents, pHs, and temperatures. In this study, HFPO-DA stability was evaluated with DMSO and other commonly used solvents to determine each solvent’s suitability for use in toxicity assays. The formation of HFPO-DA’s degradation product, heptafluoropropyl 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether (Fluoroether E-1), was monitored by headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry over time. These experiments revealed degradation of HFPO-DA to Fluoroether E-1 in DMSO and other aprotic, polar solvents, with half-lives on the order of hours (1, 1.25, and 5.2 h for DMSO, acetone, and acetonitrile, respectively). This rapid degradation suggests the need for caution when performing or using data from toxicity assessments on HFPO-DA and closely related PFAS.

中文翻译:

在毒理学研究中对HFPO-DA(“ GenX”母体酸)的溶剂适用性。

由于全氟烷基物质和全氟烷基物质(PFAS)的普遍性和环境持久性,它们引起了人们的极大兴趣。另外,对于许多PFAS,包括六氟环氧丙烷二聚酸(HFPO-DA或“ GenX”的母体酸)之类的氟化醚,毒理学数据很少。一般而言,体外由于二甲亚砜的低毒性,在广阔的化学空间中的溶解度以及在生物屏障中的渗透性,因此测试经常使用二甲亚砜(DMSO)作为载体溶剂。对于PFAS,实验室实践已假定该材料在各种溶剂,pH和温度下均稳定。在这项研究中,使用DMSO和其他常用溶剂评估了HFPO-DA的稳定性,以确定每种溶剂在毒性测定中的适用性。HFPO-DA降解产物七氟丙基1,2,2,2-四氟乙基醚(Fluoroether E-1)的形成可以通过顶空气相色谱-质谱法随时间进行监测。这些实验表明,在DMSO和其他非质子极性溶剂中,HFPO-DA降解为氟代醚E-1,其半衰期为几个小时(DMSO,丙酮为1,1.25和5.2小时,和乙腈)。这种快速降解表明,在执行或使用来自HFPO-DA和密切相关的PFAS的毒性评估数据时,需要谨慎。
更新日期:2020-07-14
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