当前位置: X-MOL 学术Endocrinology › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
SMAD-FOXL2 Regulation of FSHB: A Game of Human and Mouse.
Endocrinology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-18 , DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa077
Angela K Odle 1 , Gwen V Childs 1
Affiliation  

The pituitary gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), are tightly regulated glycoproteins that are produced in a cyclic manner to orchestrate follicular maturation and ovulation (females) and spermatogenesis (males). These hormones share a constitutively produced α-subunits and distinct β-subunits. Thus, the production of the β-subunit is considered the rate-limiting step in gonadotropin production and secretion. A rise in FSH secretion occurs during the luteal–follicular period (or in the early morning hours of estrus in mice) and is a key determinant in the maturation of follicles and selection of the subsequent dominant follicle (1, 2). Notably, studies have elucidated an important “FSH threshold” requirement for individual follicles below which a given follicle will not develop (1, 3). FSH concentrations must surpass this threshold to promote follicular recruitment, growth, selection and dominance. Follicles exhibit different degrees of FSH sensitivity as they mature, and those follicles with the highest sensitivity benefit most from the increasing FSH levels. The exact mechanisms behind this rise in FSH β secretion have yet to be described. Hall et al. reported that the rise coincides with the increase in frequency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulses during the luteal–follicular transition (from every 4 hours to every 90 minutes) (1). This implicated GnRH as a regulator. However, this group also noted that the rise can be correlated with a decline in inhibin, a decrease in steroid negative feedback, and/or paracrine stimulation by pituitary activin.

中文翻译:

FSHB的SMAD-FOXL2调节:人与小鼠的游戏。

垂体促性腺激素,促黄体生成激素(LH)和促卵泡激素(FSH)是严格调节的糖蛋白,以循环方式产生,以协调卵泡成熟和排卵(女性)和精子生成(男性)。这些激素共有组成性产生的α-亚基和独特的β-亚基。因此,β-亚基的产生被认为是促性腺激素产生和分泌的限速步骤。在黄体-卵泡期(或在小鼠发情的清晨),FSH分泌增加,这是卵泡成熟和随后的优势卵泡选择的关键决定因素(1、2)。值得注意的是,研究已经阐明了单个卵泡的重要“ FSH阈值”要求,低于该阈值将无法发育给定卵泡(1、3)。FSH浓度必须超过此阈值,以促进卵泡募集,生长,选择和优势。卵泡在成熟时表现出不同程度的FSH敏感性,而敏感性最高的卵泡则从不断增加的FSH水平中受益最多。FSHβ分泌增加背后的确切机制尚未描述。霍尔等。报道指出,黄体-卵泡过渡期(从每4小时到每90分钟),促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)脉冲的频率增加(1)。这暗示了GnRH作为调节剂。但是,该小组还指出,这种升高可能与抑制素的下降,类固醇负反馈的下降和/或垂体激活素对旁分泌的刺激有关。成长,选择和主导地位。卵泡在成熟时表现出不同程度的FSH敏感性,而敏感性最高的卵泡则从不断增加的FSH水平中受益最多。FSHβ分泌增加背后的确切机制尚未描述。霍尔等。报道指出,黄体-卵泡过渡期(从每4小时到每90分钟),促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)脉冲的频率增加(1)。这暗示了GnRH作为调节剂。但是,该小组还指出,这种升高可能与抑制素的下降,类固醇负反馈的下降和/或垂体激活素对旁分泌的刺激有关。成长,选择和主导地位。卵泡在成熟时表现出不同程度的FSH敏感性,而敏感性最高的卵泡则从不断增加的FSH水平中受益最多。FSHβ分泌增加背后的确切机制尚未描述。霍尔等。报道指出,黄体-卵泡过渡期(从每4小时到每90分钟),促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)脉冲的频率增加(1)。这暗示了GnRH作为调节剂。但是,该小组还指出,这种升高可能与抑制素的下降,类固醇负反馈的下降和/或垂体激活素对旁分泌的刺激有关。而那些具有最高敏感性的卵泡则受益于FSH水平的增加。FSHβ分泌增加背后的确切机制尚未描述。霍尔等。报道指出,黄体-卵泡过渡期(从每4小时到每90分钟),促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)脉冲的频率增加(1)。这暗示了GnRH作为调节剂。但是,该小组还指出,这种升高可能与抑制素的下降,类固醇负反馈的下降和/或垂体激活素对旁分泌的刺激有关。而那些具有最高敏感性的卵泡则受益于FSH水平的增加。FSHβ分泌增加背后的确切机制尚未描述。霍尔等。报告指出,黄体-卵泡过渡期间(从每4小时到每90分钟),该升高与促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)脉冲的频率增加吻合(1)。这暗示了GnRH作为调节剂。但是,该小组还指出,这种升高可能与抑制素的下降,类固醇负反馈的下降和/或垂体激活素对旁分泌的刺激有关。报告指出,黄体-卵泡过渡期间(从每4小时到每90分钟),该升高与促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)脉冲的频率增加吻合(1)。这暗示了GnRH作为调节剂。但是,该小组还指出,这种升高可能与抑制素的降低,类固醇负反馈的降低和/或垂体激活素对旁分泌的刺激有关。报告指出,黄体-卵泡过渡期间(从每4小时到每90分钟),该升高与促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)脉冲的频率增加吻合(1)。这暗示了GnRH作为调节剂。但是,该小组还指出,这种升高可能与抑制素的下降,类固醇负反馈的下降和/或垂体激活素对旁分泌的刺激有关。
更新日期:2020-05-18
down
wechat
bug