Background:Lower respiratory tract infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus can be severe during infancy, which requires admission to the hospital. These infections may be more severe especially in patients with congenital heart disease. Passive immunisation with palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody, is recommended in high-risk infants. We tried to determine the compliance rates, factors affecting compliance, and also other microorganisms responsible for lower respiratory tract infections after palivizumab prophylaxis in these patients.Methods:We evaluated patients’ compliance to prophylaxis with palivizumab in two consecutive respiratory syncytial virus seasons from pharmacy records. We also investigated factors affecting compliance and the frequency of hospitalisations for lower respiratory tract infections. We investigated the causative microorganisms detected in hospitalised patients.Results:In this study, 86.7% of the desired number of injections was achieved in 176 patients in two seasons. Out of these, 117 patients (66.4%) received all the doses they were prescribed. Although not statistically significant, compliance to prophylaxis was higher in male patients, cyanotic patients, those who started under 1 year old, and who lived in the city centre. Human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza type 3, and bocavirus were detected in the hospitalised patients.Conclusion:Patients with congenital heart disease can survive the period of infancy with less problem by making palivizumab prophylaxis more effective, and awareness about non- respiratory syncytial virus factors may be a guide for the development of new treatments.

中文翻译：

---

先天性心脏病患者的帕利珠单抗依从性：帕利珠单抗预防后依从性和下呼吸道感染病毒改变的相关因素

背景：呼吸道合胞病毒引起的下呼吸道感染在婴儿期可能很严重，需要住院治疗。这些感染可能更严重，尤其是在先天性心脏病患者中。建议高危婴儿使用帕利珠单抗（一种单克隆抗体）进行被动免疫。我们试图确定这些患者在帕利珠单抗预防后的依从性、影响依从性的因素以及其他导致下呼吸道感染的微生物。方法：我们根据药房记录评估患者在连续两个呼吸道合胞病毒季节对帕利珠单抗预防的依从性. 我们还调查了影响依从性和下呼吸道感染住院频率的因素。我们调查了在住院患者中检测到的致病微生物。结果：在这项研究中，176 名患者在两个季节中达到了预期注射次数的 86.7%。其中，117 名患者（66.4%）接受了他们规定的所有剂量。虽然没有统计学意义，但男性患者、紫绀患者、1 岁以下开始治疗以及居住在市中心的患者对预防措施的依从性较高。住院患者中检测出人偏肺病毒、3型副流感病毒和博卡病毒。结论：先天性心脏病患者通过帕利珠单抗的预防可以更有效地度过婴儿期，并且可能提高对非呼吸道合胞病毒因素的认识。开发新疗法的指南。