Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) provides an alternative to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for assessing changes in cortical hemodynamics. To establish the utility of fNIRS for measuring differential recruitment of the motor network during the production of timing-based actions, we measured cortical hemodynamic responses in 10 healthy adults while they performed two versions of a finger-tapping task. The task, used in an earlier fMRI study (Jantzen et al., 2004), was designed to track the neural basis of different timing behaviors. Participants paced their tapping to a metronomic tone, then continued tapping at the established pace without the tone. Initial tapping was either synchronous or syncopated relative to the tone. This produced a 2 × 2 design: synchronous or syncopated tapping and pacing with or continuing without the tone. Accuracy of the timing of tapping was tracked while cortical hemodynamics were monitored using fNIRS. Hemodynamic responses were computed by canonical statistical analysis across trials in each of the four conditions. Task-induced brain activation resulted in significant increases in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (oxy-Hb) in a broad area in and around the motor cortex. Overall, syncopated tapping was harder and produced more activation than synchronous tapping. Thus, we observed significant changes in oxy-Hb in direct relation to the complexity of the task.

中文翻译：

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在整个计时任务中跟踪主运动皮层和辅助运动皮层的差异激活：一项fNIRS验证研究。

功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS）提供了功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）的替代方法，用于评估皮质血液动力学的变化。为了建立fNIRS在测量基于计时的动作过程中测量运动网络差异招募的实用性，我们在10位健康的成年人中执行了两个敲击任务的过程，测量了他们的皮质血液动力学响应。该任务在较早的功能磁共振成像研究中使用（Jantzen等，2004），旨在跟踪不同计时行为的神经基础。参与者将拍子的节奏调整为节拍音调，然后在没有音调的情况下以既定的速度继续拍拍。相对于音调，初始拍子是同步的或被切分的。这样产生了2×2的设计：在没有声音的情况下进行同步或同步拍打和起搏。在使用fNIRS监测皮层血流动力学的同时，追踪了敲击时间的准确性。在四种情况下，通过跨试验的典型统计分析计算血流动力学反应。任务诱导的大脑激活导致运动皮层及其周围广泛区域的氧化血红蛋白浓度（oxy-Hb）显着增加。总体而言，与同步攻丝相比，带齿攻丝更难，并且产生的激活更多。因此，我们观察到氧合血红蛋白的显着变化与任务的复杂性直接相关。在四种情况下，通过跨试验的典型统计分析计算血流动力学反应。任务诱导的大脑激活导致运动皮层及其周围广泛区域的氧化血红蛋白浓度（oxy-Hb）显着增加。总体而言，与同步攻丝相比，带齿攻丝更难，并且产生的激活更多。因此，我们观察到氧合血红蛋白的显着变化与任务的复杂性直接相关。在四种情况下，通过跨试验的典型统计分析计算血流动力学反应。任务诱导的大脑激活导致运动皮层内和周围广泛区域的氧化血红蛋白浓度（oxy-Hb）显着增加。总体而言，与同步攻丝相比，带齿攻丝更难，并且产生的激活更多。因此，我们观察到氧合血红蛋白的显着变化与任务的复杂性直接相关。