Activity of transcription factors affect synthesis of G-protein coupled receptor 54 (GPR54), an important factor in regulation of initiation of puberty. Expression of the GPR54 gene in cattle is associated with polymorphisms in the proximal regulatory region (PRR) of the GPR54 gene. Transcription resulting in production of GPR54 mRNA transcript occurs as a result of transcription factor (TF) interactions in the PRR. Polymorphisms in the PRR may be associated with extent of activity of these TFs. Folliculogenesis-specific BHLH TF (FIGLA), neurogenin 2 (NEUROG2), and early growth response 1 (EGR1) are important in modulation of ovarian follicle development and neurons synthesizing GnRH, thus, regulating biosynthesis of luteinizing hormone. The aim of this study, therefore, was to assess the transcription-activating potential of binding sites for FIGLA, NEUROG2, and EGR1 TFs in the GPR54 promoter of cattle. Two luciferase-based promoters, ATC and CCT, which contain three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), A/C-794, T/C-663, and C/T-601, in the GPR54 PRR, were analyzed to evaluate gene expression and activation of different promoters by FIGLA, NEUROG2, and EGR1. The FIGLA induced GPR54 transcription through the CCT, whereas NEUROG2 and EGR1 induced GPR54 transcription through the ATC promoter-binding site. The CCT-activating effects of FIGLA were greater (2.56-fold) than the ATC-activating effects (P < 0.05). The ATC-activating effects of NEUROG2 and EGR1 were markedly greater (12.91- and 8.41-fold; P < 0.01) than CCT-activating effects. The polymorphisms, CCT and ATC, of the cattle GPR54 affect the activity of transcription factors, therefore, have an important effect on production of GPR54 mRNA transcript.

转录因子的活性影响G蛋白偶联受体54（GPR54）的合成，这是调节青春期起始的重要因素。GPR54基因在牛中的表达与GPR 54基因近端调节区（PRR）的多态性有关。转录导致产生GPR54mRNA转录是PRR中转录因子（TF）相互作用的结果。PRR中的多态性可能与这些TF的活性程度有关。卵泡发生特异性BHLH TF（FIGLA），神经生成素2（NEUROG2）和早期生长反应1（EGR1）在调节卵泡发育和神经元合成GnRH，从而调节黄体生成激素的生物合成中很重要。因此，本研究的目的是评估牛GPR54启动子中FIGLA，NEUROG2和EGR1 TFs结合位点的转录激活潜力。两个基于荧光素酶的启动子ATC和CCT，在GPR54中包含三个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）A / C-794，T / C-663和C / T-601通过FIGLA，NEUROG2和EGR1分析了PRR，以评估基因表达和不同启动子的激活。FIGLA通过CCT诱导GPR54转录，而NEUROG2和EGR1通过ATC启动子结合位点诱导GPR54转录。FIGLA的CCT活化作用比ATC活化作用大（2.56倍）（P  <0.05）。NEUROG2和EGR1的ATC激活作用明显大于 CCT激活作用（分别为12.91和8.41倍；P <0.01）。牛GPR 54的多态性CCT和ATC影响转录因子的活性，因此，对GPR 54 mRNA转录产物的产生具有重要影响。