Leaf blight disease in coconut (LBC) caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae leads to early defoliation and loss of bunches, which negatively impacts coconut fruit yield. The etiology of LBC in Brazil needs to be updated based on modern tools such as DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. A phylogenetic tree using ITS and TEF-1α genes in combination with morphology showed L. theobromae as the most common species associated with LBC in Brazil. We identified six species from distinct plant parts (leaves, fruits, rachis, inflorescence, stem and stipe): L. brasiliense, L. pseudotheobromae, L. laeliocattleyae, Botryosphaeria fabicerciana and B. dothidea. Our pathogenicity test results revealed that B. fabicerciana and L. pseudotheobromae cause LBC symptoms. Our study is the first to address two species, in addition to L. theobromae, as etiologic agents of LBC disease based on morphological, phylogenetic and pathogenicity data.

中文翻译：

---

Lasiodiplodia theobromae 是导致巴西椰子树叶枯病的唯一物种吗？

由 Lasiodiplodia theobromae 引起的椰子叶枯病 (LBC) 导致早期落叶和束脱落，这对椰子果实产量产生负面影响。巴西 LBC 的病因需要根据 DNA 测序和系统发育分析等现代工具进行更新。使用 ITS 和 TEF-1α 基因结合形态学的系统发育树显示 L. theobromae 是巴西最常见的与 LBC 相关的物种。我们从不同的植物部分（叶、果实、轴、花序、茎和叶柄）中鉴定了 6 个物种：巴西乳杆菌、假可可乳杆菌、莱氏乳杆菌、葡萄球菌属 fabicerciana 和 B. dothidea。我们的致病性测试结果显示 B. fabicerciana 和 L.pseudotheobromae 引起 LBC 症状。我们的研究是第一个针对两个物种的研究，除了 L. theobromae，