The research reported here is concerned with how the worthwhile use of travel time might impact on the value of travel time savings (VTTS) and on demand set in the context of the rail travel market in Great Britain. It has long been recognised, in a variety of literature, that improvements in worthwhile activities which will have been delivered by the digital revolution will impact VTTS and demand yet there is surprisingly little reliable evidence and official appraisal practice does not accommodate any such effects. In a large survey of rail travellers, we have explored how activities while travelling impact on VTTS and demand. An important feature of the study was to account for endogeneity whereby variations in VTTS estimates according to the worthwhile use of time are biased if drawn from comparisons across individuals of what they do while travelling rather from comparing within individual variations in activities. Indeed, we clearly demonstrate the impact of not allowing for endogeneity and indicate its presence in other studies. We find that the VTTS does vary according to activities undertaken while travelling in a largely credible manner and is broadly consistent with behavioural responses to different available activities. The evidence supports the VTTS falling over time due to the digital revolution and rail demand increasing. These are modest rather than considerable changes but nonetheless contribute a better understanding of evidence relating to VTTS and rail demand variations over time.

中文翻译：

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特别参考数字革命和内生性的价值使用旅行时间的估值和需求影响

此处报告的研究关注的是旅行时间的值得使用如何影响旅行时间节省 (VTTS) 的价值以及英国铁路旅行市场背景下的需求设置。人们早就认识到，在各种文献中，数字革命将提供的有价值活动的改进将影响 VTTS 和需求，但令人惊讶的是，几乎没有可靠的证据，官方评估实践不适应任何此类影响。在对铁路旅客的大规模调查中，我们探讨了旅行中的活动如何影响 VTTS 和需求。该研究的一个重要特征是考虑到内生性，如果从个人旅行时所做的比较中得出，而不是从个人活动中的差异中进行比较，那么根据值得使用的时间得出的 VTTS 估计值的变化是有偏差的。事实上，我们清楚地证明了不允许内生性的影响，并表明它在其他研究中的存在。我们发现 VTTS 确实根据旅行时以一种基本可信的方式进行的活动而有所不同，并且与对不同可用活动的行为反应大致一致。由于数字革命和铁路需求增加，证据支持 VTTS 随着时间的推移而下降。