The purpose of this study was to produce novel eco-friendly organoclays for removing toxic elements from aqueous environment. In the present research, nano-bentonite (Bent) and nano-montmorillonite (MT) minerals were treated with novel ionic liquids including 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium chloride ([Omim][Cl]), 3,3′-(hexane-1,6-diyl) bis (1-methyl-imidazolium) bromide chloride ([H(mim)₂[Br][Cl]), and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Hmim][Cl]) to produce organoclays with eco-friendly features. The products were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD); Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR); carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen elemental analysis (CHN); scanning electron microscope (SEM); and specific surface area (SSA) (via N₂-BET method) techniques. Finally, the mechanism involved in the adsorption of Pb(II) and Hg(II) onto organoclays from the aqueous phase was investigated by applying most three popular experimental adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich, and Sips models. The results showed that by intercalating ILs, first XRD diffraction (d₀₀₁) of the modified clays was increased. Based on the results of Sips model, [H(mim)₂]-clays and [Omim]-clays had maximum adsorption capacity and maximum adsorption affinity. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the amount of removed toxic metals by the modified clays in this research was more than those in the previous researches. This research demonstrated that clay mineral modifications using ILs is enhanced clay d-spacing and facilitated diffusion of the large hazardous metal ions into clay interlayer spaces. These increased their potential for toxic metal immobilization as green adsorbents.

中文翻译：

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利用新型离子液体开发纳米胶体矿物的表面反应并评估其对Pb（II）和Hg（II）的去除能力

这项研究的目的是生产新型的环保型有机粘土，以去除水性环境中的有毒元素。在本研究中，纳米级膨润土（Bent）和纳米级蒙脱石（MT）矿物用新型离子液体处理，包括1-甲基-3-辛基咪唑鎓氯化物（[Omim] [Cl]），3,3'-（己烷） -1,6-二基）双（1-甲基咪唑鎓）溴化物氯化物（[H（mim）₂ [Br] [Cl]）和1-己基-3-甲基咪唑鎓氯化物（[Hmim] [Cl]）生产具有环保特性的有机粘土。使用X射线衍射（XRD）研究产物；傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）; 碳，氢和氮元素分析（CHN）；扫描电子显微镜（SEM）；和比表面积（SSA）（通过N ₂-BET方法）技术。最后，通过应用包括Langmuir，Freundlich和Sips模型在内的大多数三种流行的实验吸附等温线，研究了水相中Pb（II）和Hg（II）吸附到有机粘土上的机理。结果表明，通过插入离子液体，改性粘土的第一次XRD衍射（d ₀₀₁）增加了。根据Sips模型的结果，[H（mim）₂]-粘土和[Omim]-粘土具有最大的吸附容量和最大的吸附亲和力。据作者所知，本研究中改性粘土去除的有毒金属数量比以前的研究要多。这项研究表明，使用离子液体对粘土矿物进行改性可以增强粘土的d间距，并促进大型有害金属离子向粘土夹层空间的扩散。这些增加了它们作为绿色吸附剂固定有毒金属的潜力。