In this paper, we review photonic methods and technologies that are promising for monitoring the ocean and atmosphere and have been implemented mainly in recent years at the Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. We present results of lidar studies that have made it possible to understand key features of ocean–atmosphere interaction processes under continent–ocean transition conditions, which determine specific features of the atmospheric aerosol distribution, small gaseous components of the atmosphere and its optical characteristics. We consider methods and tools for combined optical and laser fluorescence monitoring of the ocean surface. Particular attention is paid to results of research on remote methods and tools for real-time laser spark and laser fluorescence environmental monitoring of the ocean, including specialised fibre-optic probes and mobile underwater robotic systems. We present results of the development and i...

中文翻译：

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监测海洋和大气的光子方法和技术

在本文中，我们将对光子学方法和技术进行回顾，这些方法和技术有望用于监测海洋和大气层，并且主要是近年来在俄罗斯科学院远东分校的自动化与控制过程研究所实施的。我们提供的激光雷达研究结果使人们有可能了解大陆-海洋过渡条件下海洋与大气相互作用的关键特征，这些特征决定了大气气溶胶分布的特定特征，大气中的小气态成分及其光学特性。我们考虑对海洋表面进行光学和激光荧光监测的方法和工具。特别关注对海洋进行实时激光火花和激光荧光环境监测的远程方法和工具的研究结果，包括专用的光纤探针和水下移动机器人系统。我们介绍开发的结果，并...