ABSTRACT

Genes participating in the changes of yolk lipids by unsaturated oils remain elusive. In this study, ducks were randomly assigned to 3 groups, fed with basal-diet (C), basal-diet-plus-2%-flaxseed-oil (FL), or basal-diet-plus-2%-fish-oil (F), respectively. A digital-gene-expression-profiling analysis of livers were performed after four weeks. Compared to C, 36 and 25 differently-expressed-genes (DEG) were identified in FL and F, respectively. These genes participated in lipid metabolism pathways. In both F and FL, the sterol 12 α-hydroxylase 1 gene was down regulated, as well as the fatty acid synthase gene and stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene. In FL, the fatty acid desaturase 2 gene (FADS2) and elongation of the very long-chain fatty acids protein 2 gene (ELOVL2) were up regulated, and the CYP2U (cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily U) was down regulated. However, the FADS2 and ELOVL2 were down regulated in F to possibly prevent the redundancy of body n-3 PUFAs. In conclusion, FL and F had different molecular pathways to reduce yolk cholesterol and increase n-3 PUFAs. However, CYP8B1 and FADS2 were the key genes in the regulation of both of them. α-linolenic acid in the FL might be transformed to longer n-3 PUFAs. In addition, this study adds sequence information to duck.

摘要

参与不饱和油卵黄脂质变化的基因仍然难以捉摸。在这项研究中，将鸭子随机分为3组，分别饲喂基础饮食（C），基础饮食加2％的亚麻籽油（FL）或基础饮食加2％的鱼油（F）分别。四周后进行肝脏的数字基因表达谱分析。与C相比，在FL和F中分别鉴定出36个和25个不同表达的基因（DEG）。这些基因参与脂质代谢途径。在F和FL中，固醇12α-羟化酶1基因以及脂肪酸合酶基因和硬脂酰-CoA去饱和酶基因均被下调。在FL中，脂肪酸去饱和酶2基因（FADS2）和超长链脂肪酸蛋白2基因（ELOVL2）的延伸。）上调，而CYP2U（细胞色素P450，家族2，亚家族U）下调。但是，FADS2和ELOVL2在F中被下调，以可能防止n-3 PUFA体的冗余。总之，FL和F具有降低蛋黄胆固醇和增加n-3 PUFA的分子途径。然而，CYP8B1和FADS2是调节它们的关键基因。FL中的α-亚麻酸可能会转化为更长的n-3 PUFA。另外，这项研究为鸭子增加了序列信息。