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Auditory and Visual Response Inhibition in Children with Bilateral Hearing Aids and Children with ADHD.
Brain Sciences ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-18 , DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10050307
Laura Bell 1 , Wolfgang Scharke 1, 2 , Vanessa Reindl 1, 3 , Janina Fels 4 , Christiane Neuschaefer-Rube 5 , Kerstin Konrad 1, 3
Affiliation  

Children fitted with hearing aids (HAs) and children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often have marked difficulties concentrating in noisy environments. However, little is known about the underlying neural mechanism of auditory and visual attention deficits in a direct comparison of both groups. The current functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study was the first to investigate the behavioral performance and neural activation during an auditory and a visual go/nogo paradigm in children fitted with bilateral HAs, children with ADHD and typically developing children (TDC). All children reacted faster, but less accurately, to visual than auditory stimuli, indicating a sensory-specific response inhibition efficiency. Independent of modality, children with ADHD and children with HAs reacted faster and tended to show more false alarms than TDC. On a neural level, however, children with ADHD showed supra-modal neural alterations, particularly in frontal regions. On the contrary, children with HAs exhibited modality-dependent alterations in the right temporopolar cortex. Higher activation was observed in the auditory than in the visual condition. Thus, while children with ADHD and children with HAs showed similar behavioral alterations, different neural mechanisms might underlie these behavioral changes. Future studies are warranted to confirm the current findings with larger samples. To this end, fNIRS provided a promising tool to differentiate the neural mechanisms underlying response inhibition deficits between groups and modalities.

中文翻译:

双侧助听器儿童和多动症儿童的听觉和视觉反应抑制。

装有助听器(HAs)的儿童和患有注意力缺陷/多动症(ADHD)的儿童通常很难集中在嘈杂的环境中。然而,对两组的直接听觉和视觉注意缺陷的潜在神经机制了解甚少。当前的功能性近红外光谱(fNIRS)研究是第一个研究在双侧HA患儿,ADHD患儿和典型发育儿童(TDC)的听觉和视觉go / nogo范例中的行为表现和神经激活的研究。与听觉刺激相比,所有儿童对视觉的反应更快,但反应较不准确,表明感觉特异性反应抑制效率高。独立于形式,患有ADHD的儿童和患有HA的儿童的反应较TDC更快,并且往往显示出更多的误报。然而,在神经水平上,患有多动症的儿童表现出超模态神经改变,特别是在额叶区域。相反,患有HA的儿童在右侧颞极皮层中表现出依赖于形态的改变。在听觉中观察到的激活高于在视觉条件下的激活。因此,尽管患有多动症的儿童和患有HA的儿童表现出相似的行为改变,但不同的神经机制可能是这些行为改变的基础。保证未来的研究可以用更大的样本确认当前的发现。为此,fNIRS提供了一种有前途的工具,可以区分群体和模态之间响应抑制缺陷的神经机制。多动症儿童表现出超模态神经改变,尤其是在额叶区域。相反,患有HA的儿童在右侧颞极皮层中表现出依赖于形态的改变。在听觉中观察到的激活高于在视觉条件下的激活。因此,尽管患有多动症的儿童和患有HA的儿童表现出相似的行为改变,但不同的神经机制可能是这些行为改变的基础。有必要进行进一步的研究,以证实更大样本量的当前发现。为此,fNIRS提供了一种有前途的工具,可以区分群体和模态之间响应抑制缺陷的神经机制。多动症儿童表现出超模态神经改变,特别是在额叶区域。相反,患有HA的儿童在右侧颞极皮层中表现出依赖于形态的改变。在听觉中观察到的激活高于在视觉条件下的激活。因此,尽管患有多动症的儿童和患有HA的儿童表现出相似的行为改变,但不同的神经机制可能是这些行为改变的基础。保证未来的研究可以用更大的样本确认当前的发现。为此,fNIRS提供了一种有前途的工具,可以区分群体和模态之间响应抑制缺陷的神经机制。HAs患儿在右侧颞极皮层中表现出模态依赖性改变。在听觉中观察到的激活高于在视觉条件下的激活。因此,尽管患有多动症的儿童和患有HA的儿童表现出相似的行为改变,但不同的神经机制可能是这些行为改变的基础。保证未来的研究可以用更大的样本确认当前的发现。为此,fNIRS提供了一种有前途的工具,可以区分群体和模态之间响应抑制缺陷的神经机制。HAs患儿在右侧颞极皮层中表现出模态依赖性改变。在听觉中观察到的激活高于在视觉条件下的激活。因此,尽管患有多动症的儿童和患有HA的儿童表现出相似的行为改变,但不同的神经机制可能是这些行为改变的基础。保证未来的研究可以用更大的样本确认当前的发现。为此,fNIRS提供了一种有前途的工具,可以区分群体和模态之间响应抑制缺陷的神经机制。保证未来的研究可以用更大的样本确认当前的发现。为此,fNIRS提供了一种有前途的工具,可以区分群体和模态之间响应抑制缺陷的神经机制。保证未来的研究可以用更大的样本确认当前的发现。为此,fNIRS提供了一种有前途的工具,可以区分群体和模态之间响应抑制缺陷的神经机制。
更新日期:2020-05-18
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