The Cognitive Experiential Leadership Model (CELM) predicts that leaders' thinking styles will be related to transformational leadership and effective leadership behaviours, especially influencing tactics and conflict handling styles. However, most of the existing evidence for this model comes from studies that have used self-report methods where self-presentational biases may influence the studies' results. Moreover, there is incomplete evidence for the proposed connections in this model between thinking styles, leadership styles, and leadership behaviour.

中文翻译：

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追随者评价的领导风格、领导行为和领导者的思维风格：认知体验式领导模型的测试

认知体验式领导模型 (CELM) 预测领导者的思维方式将与变革型领导和有效的领导行为有关，尤其是影响策略和冲突处理方式。然而，该模型的大多数现有证据来自使用自我报告方法的研究，其中自我呈现偏差可能会影响研究结果。此外，没有不完整的证据表明该模型中提出的思维方式、领导方式和领导行为之间的联系。