Permafrost is sensitive to both climate warming and engineering disturbance on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP). These factors degrade the stability of infrastructure built on permafrost and reduce its service life. To counter these effects, cooling of the subgrade to lower permafrost temperature forms part of the engineering design on the QTP. Proactive cooling of the subgrade has been used in construction of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway (QTR), the Chaidaer–Muli Railway, the Qinghai–Tibet DC Power Transmission Line, and the Gonghe–Yushu Express Highway. As a consequence, there has been significant ground cooling and little permafrost thaw beneath these infrastructure projects. However, the QTR has experienced some problems, such as in the stability of transitions at bridge abutments, reductions to the convective capacity of crushed rock structures from infilling by eolian sand, and freeze–thaw damage. A monitoring network has been established to examine the influence of climate change for engineering stability on the QTP. Climate warming on the plateau will present significant challenges for engineering of proposed oil and gas pipelines, express highways and the high‐speed railway from Golmud to Lhasa.

中文翻译：

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在气候变暖的世界屋脊崎岖的永久冻土地带进行工程设计

多年冻土对青藏高原 (QTP) 的气候变暖和工程干扰都很敏感。这些因素会降低建立在永久冻土上的基础设施的稳定性并缩短其使用寿命。为了应对这些影响，将路基冷却到较低的永久冻土温度是 QTP 工程设计的一部分。青藏铁路（QTR）、柴达尔-木里铁路、青藏直流输电线路和共和-玉树高速公路的建设都采用了路基的主动冷却。因此，这些基础设施项目下面的地面冷却明显，永久冻土很少融化。但是，QTR 遇到了一些问题，例如在桥台过渡的稳定性方面，风积沙填充和冻融破坏导致碎石结构的对流能力降低。已经建立了一个监测网络来检查气候变化对工程稳定性对青藏高原的影响。高原气候变暖将对拟议中的油气管道、高速公路和格尔木至拉萨高速铁路的工程提出重大挑战。