Electrochemical energy storage (EES) plays an important role in personal electronics, electrified vehicles, and smart grid. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and supercapacitors (SCs) are two of the most important EES devices that have been widely used in our daily life. The energy density of LIBs is heavily dependent on the electrode capacity, in which the charge storage proceeds mainly in three different mechanisms, that is, alloying, conversion, and intercalation. Conventional LIBs show high energy density, but the rate performance is usually unfavorable. As a comparison, the SCs, which store energy based on electrochemical double layer capacitance (EDLC) or surface Faradaic redox pseudocapacitance, shows outstanding rate performance, but the energy density is still much worse than LIBs. Recently, intercalation pseudocapacitance appears as a new type of EES mechanism which stores energy into the bulk of electrode through a battery-like intercalation process but behaves similar to an electrode of SCs (fast reaction kinetics). Such intercalation pseudocapacitance can effectively narrow the gap between SCs and LIBs in energy density and power density, providing a new opportunity for the development of advanced energy storage system with both high energy density and power density. Up to now, more and more reports about intercalation pseudocapacitive materials have been appeared in literature, however, a systematic analysis of the recent development in intercalation pseudocapacitance is still lack. In this article, we provided an in-time review of the recent progress in the understanding of intercalation pseudocapacitive process and the development of related electrode materials for EES. Importance was paid to the difference between Faradaic surface-redox pseudocapacitance and intercalation pseudocapacitance, as well between battery-like intercalation and pseudocapacitive intercalation. Both cation interaction (Li⁺ and Na⁺) and oxygen anion intercalation pseudocapacitance was summarized.

电化学储能（EES）在个人电子产品，电动汽车和智能电网中发挥着重要作用。锂离子电池（LIB）和超级电容器（SC）是在我们的日常生活中广泛使用的两个最重要的EES设备。LIB的能量密度在很大程度上取决于电极容量，其中电荷存储主要以三种不同的机制进行，即合金化，转化和嵌入。传统的LIB显示出高能量密度，但是速率性能通常是不利的。相比之下，基于电化学双层电容（EDLC）或表面法拉第氧化还原伪电容存储能量的SC表现出出色的速率性能，但能量密度仍然比LIB差得多。最近，嵌入假电容是一种新型的EES机制，它通过类似电池的嵌入过程将能量存储到大部分电极中，但其行为类似于SC电极（快速反应动力学）。这种插入式伪电容可以有效地缩小SC和LIB之间的能量密度和功率密度差距，为开发具有高能量密度和功率密度的先进储能系统提供了新的机会。迄今为止，关于插层伪电容材料的报道越来越多，但是，仍然缺乏对插层伪电容的最新发展的系统分析。在这篇文章中，我们及时了解了对插入式伪电容过程的理解以及EES相关电极材料的开发方面的最新进展。重视法拉第表面氧化还原伪电容和插层伪电容之间的差异，以及电池状插层和伪电容插层之间的差异。两种阳离子相互作用（Li总结了⁺和Na ⁺）和氧阴离子插层假电容。