Abstract

The present review summarizes information available in the published literature on the distribution of disseminated neoplasia, or malignant leukemia (leukemia-like cancer), in populations of several bivalve species. This disease of marine Bivalvia has long been known; currently (with the development of molecular-genetic methods) its etiology is associated with retrotransposons that can be transmitted by horizontal gene transfer between different bivalve species. Transmission of retrotransposons, as well as neoplastic hemocytes or their clusters, is possible via seawater. The fact that the immune system of the recipient does not reject the neoplastic hemocytes is of particular interest. In some regions of the world, leukemia-like cancer causes serious economic damage to bivalve aquacultures. The development of methods to diagnose cancer in mollusks opens up broad prospects for their use in marine biology and can also be helpful in studying human malignant tumors.

中文翻译：

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双壳类白血病样癌症

摘要

本综述总结了已发表文献中可传播的信息，该信息涉及几种双壳类种群中的弥漫性瘤形成或恶性白血病（类白血病）。这种海洋双壳纲疾病早已为人所知。当前（随着分子遗传学方法的发展），其病因与逆转座子有关，逆转座子可以通过不同双壳类之间的水平基因转移来传播。逆转录转座子以及赘生性血细胞或它们的簇可以通过海水传播。受者的免疫系统不会排斥肿瘤性血细胞这一事实引起了特别的关注。在世界某些地区，类白血病癌症对双壳类水产养殖造成严重的经济损失。