Changes in land use trigger environmental changes that can lead to decreased biodiversity and species loss. The liver is an essential detoxification organ that reflects systemic physiological responses to environmental changes. Here, we tested whether land use changes influence the amount of substances from the hepatic cellular catabolism and melanomacrophages of five anuran species in the Brazilian Cerrado. We used routine histological and histochemical techniques. We then use recently developed ecological methods to relate functional traits to environmental variables. There was an increase in the amount of melanin in environments with high proportion of agriculture, as well as variation in the amount of lipofuscin and hemosiderin. Therefore, the area of melanomacrophages in the liver and the metabolic products in their cytoplasm can be used as biomarkers of environmental changes in regions with intense agricultural activities. Our results add a new perspective to the influence of land use changes on environmental health by highlighting the effect of environmental changes on internal morphological aspects of animals.

中文翻译：

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巴西Cerrado地区五种青蛙物种的异质肝改变与土地利用变化

土地利用的变化引发环境变化，可能导致生物多样性减少和物种丧失。肝脏是必不可少的排毒器官，可以反映对环境变化的全身生理反应。在这里，我们测试了土地利用变化是否会影响来自巴西Cerrado的5种无环物种的肝细胞分解代谢和黑色素巨噬细胞的物质含量。我们使用了常规的组织学和组织化学技术。然后，我们使用最新开发的生态方法将功能性状与环境变量相关联。在农业比例高的环境中，黑色素的含量增加，脂褐素和含铁血黄素的含量也有所变化。因此，肝脏中黑色素巨噬细胞的面积及其细胞质中的代谢产物可以用作农业活动激烈地区环境变化的生物标记。我们的结果通过强调环境变化对动物内部形态方面的影响，为土地利用变化对环境健康的影响提供了新的视角。