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Power and limits of selection genome scans on temporal data from a selfing population
bioRxiv - Evolutionary Biology Pub Date : 2020-10-16 , DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.06.080895
Miguel Navascués , Arnaud Becheler , Laurène Gay , Joëlle Ronfort , Karine Loridon , Renaud Vitalis

Tracking genetic changes of populations through time allows a more direct study of the evolutionary processes acting on the population than a single contemporary sample. Several statistical methods have been developed to characterize the demography and selection from temporal population genetic data. However, these methods are usually developed under the assumption of outcrossing reproduction and might not be applicable when there is substantial selfing in the population. Here, we focus on a method to detect loci under selection based on a genome scan of temporal differentiation, adapting it to the particularities of selfing populations. Selfing reduces the effective recombination rate and can extend hitch-hiking effects to the whole genome, erasing any local signal of selection on a genome scan. Therefore, selfing is expected to reduce the power of the test. By means of simulations, we evaluate the performance of the method under scenarios of adaptation from new mutations or standing variation at different rates of selfing. We find that the detection of loci under selection in predominantly selfing populations remains challenging even with the adapted method. Still, selective sweeps from standing variation on predominantly selfing populations can leave some signal of selection around the selected site thanks to historical recombination before the sweep. Under this scenario, ancestral advantageous alleles at low frequency leave the strongest local signal, while new advantageous mutations leave no local footprint of the sweep.

中文翻译:

选择基因组扫描的能力和范围对自交种群的时态数据进行扫描

与单个当代样本相比,随着时间的推移跟踪种群的遗传变化可以更直接地研究作用于种群的进化过程。已经开发了几种统计方法来表征人口统计和从时间群体遗传数据中进行选择。但是,这些方法通常是在交叉繁殖的假设下开发的,当种群中存在大量自交时可能不适用。在这里,我们着重于一种基于时间分化的基因组扫描检测选择基因座的方法,以使其适应自交种群的特殊性。自交会降低有效重组率,并能将搭便车效应扩展至整个基因组,从而消除基因组扫描中的任何局部选择信号。因此,预期自交会降低测试的功效。通过模拟,我们评估了在不同自交率的新突变或站立变异适应情况下该方法的性能。我们发现,即使采用适应性方法,在主要自交人群中选择下的基因座检测仍然具有挑战性。尽管如此,由于主要是自交种群的站立变异而进行的选择性扫描,由于扫描之前的历史重组,可能会在所选地点周围留下一些选择信号。在这种情况下,较低频率的祖先有利等位基因会留下最强的局部信号,而新的有利突变不会留下扫描的局部足迹。我们评估了在不同自交率的新突变或站立变异适应情况下该方法的性能。我们发现,即使采用适应性方法,在主要自交人群中选择下的基因座检测仍然具有挑战性。尽管如此,由于主要是自交种群的站立变异而进行的选择性扫描,由于扫描之前的历史重组,可能会在所选地点周围留下一些选择信号。在这种情况下,较低频率的祖先有利等位基因留下最强的局部信号,而新的有利突变则没有留下扫描的局部足迹。我们评估了在不同自交率的新突变或站立变异适应情况下该方法的性能。我们发现,即使采用适应性方法,在主要自交人群中选择下的基因座检测仍然具有挑战性。尽管如此,由于主要是自交种群的站立变异而进行的选择性扫描,由于扫描之前的历史重组,可能会在所选地点周围留下一些选择信号。在这种情况下,较低频率的祖先有利等位基因会留下最强的局部信号,而新的有利突变不会留下扫描的局部足迹。由于主要是自交种群的站立变异而进行的选择性扫描,由于扫描之前的历史重组,可能会在所选地点周围留下一些选择信号。在这种情况下,较低频率的祖先有利等位基因留下最强的局部信号,而新的有利突变则没有留下扫描的局部足迹。由于主要是自交种群的站立变异而进行的选择性扫描,由于扫描之前的历史重组,可能会在所选地点周围留下一些选择信号。在这种情况下,较低频率的祖先有利等位基因留下最强的局部信号,而新的有利突变则没有留下扫描的局部足迹。
更新日期:2020-10-17
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