The hippocampal CA1 is necessary to maintain experienced episodic memory in many species, including humans. To monitor the temporal dynamics of processing, we recorded multiple-unit firings of CA1 neurons in male rats experiencing one of four episodes for 10 min: restraint stress, social interaction with a female or male, or observation of a novel object. Before an experience, the neurons mostly exhibited sporadic firings with some synchronized (≈ 50 ms) ripple-like firing events in habituated home cage. After experience onset, restraint or social interaction with other rats induced spontaneous high-frequency firings (super bursts) intermittently, while object observation induced the events inconsistently. Minutes after experience initiation, CA1 neurons frequently exhibited ripple-like firings with less-firing silent periods. The number of ripple-like events depended on the episode experienced and correlated with the total duration of super bursts. Experience clearly diversified multiple features of individual ripple-like events in an episode-specific manner, sustained for more than 30 min in the home cage. Ex vivo patch clamp analysis further revealed experience-promoted synaptic plasticity. Compared with unexposed controls, animals experiencing the female, male, or restraint episodes showed cell-dependently increased AMPA- or GABAA receptor-mediated postsynaptic currents, whereas contact with a novel object increased only GABAergic currents. Multivariate ANOVA in multi-dimensional virtual space revealed experience-specific super bursts with subsequent ripple-like events and synaptic plasticity, leading us to hypothesize that these factors are responsible for creating experience-specific memory. It is possible to decipher encrypted experience through the deep learning of the orchestrated ripple-like firings and synaptic plasticity in multiple CA1 neurons.

中文翻译：

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可能的经验编码：类波纹事件和突触多样性

海马CA1是维持许多物种（包括人类）经历的情景记忆所必需的。为了监测加工的时间动态，我们记录了在10分钟内经历四次发作之一的雄性大鼠中CA1神经元的多单位放电：束缚压力，与雌性或雄性的社交互动或观察新物体。在经历之前，神经元大多表现出零星的放电，并在习惯的家笼中出现一些同步的（约50 ms）波纹状放电事件。经历发作后，与其他大鼠的束缚或社交互动会间歇性地导致自发性高频射击（超级爆发），而对对象的观察则不一致。经历开始数分钟后，CA1神经元经常表现出涟漪状放电，而沉默期较少。类波纹事件的数量取决于经历的情节，并且与超级爆发的总持续时间相关。体验以发作特定的方式将各种涟漪状事件的多种特征清楚地展现出来，并在笼子中保持30分钟以上。离体膜片钳分析进一步揭示了经验促进的突触可塑性。与未暴露的对照组相比，经历雌性，雄性或克制发作的动物显示出细胞依赖性增加的AMPA或GABAA受体介导的突触后电流，而与新物体的接触仅增加了GABA能电流。多维虚拟空间中的多元ANOVA显示特定于体验的超级爆发，以及随后的类似波纹的事件和突触可塑性，使我们假设这些因素是造成特定于体验的记忆的原因。通过对多个CA1神经元中精心策划的波纹状放电和突触可塑性的深度学习，可以解密加密的经验。