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Experimental determination of sediment transport capacity of concentrated water flow over saturated soil slope
European Journal of Soil Science ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-17 , DOI: 10.1111/ejss.12989
Yuhan Huang 1 , Fahu Li 1 , Zhiqiang Liu 1 , Juan Li 1 , Xiaofeng Gao 1
Affiliation  

Sediment transport capacity (STC) is an important variable for characterising soil erosion on hillslopes. STC also determines the capability of sediment delivery and solute transportation. An experimental methodological strategy was developed in this study to measure the STC in eroding rills on a saturated soil slope. The STC was ensured by using a slope‐raised flume section to feed sufficient amounts of sediments into the water flow, and a flume section was used to stabilize the water flow and produce sediment concentration at the STC level for measurement. Experiments under four slope gradients of 5°, 10°, 15° and 20° and three unit‐width flow rates of 0.33, 0.67 and 1.33 × 10−3 m3 s−1 m−1 were conducted to measure the STCs on saturated soil slopes, with the experiments on STCs on non‐saturated soil slopes as control treatments. The measured STCs range from 0.16 to 1.41 kg s−1 m−1 over the saturated loess slopes. The STC measurement method for saturated soil slopes was verified as feasible by the small SDs of the measured STCs and the agreement between the trend of rill sediment delivery rate and the STC values at the slope gradient of 20° and three unit‐width discharges. The relationships between STC and slope gradient and those between STC and unit‐width flow rate over saturated soil slopes matched well with the power and linear functions, respectively. Furthermore, the STC values correlated well with the flow velocity. The STC value on the saturated loess slope was approximately 25% larger than that on the non‐saturated loess slope. An empirical power function of slope gradient and unit‐width flow rate was found to predict the STC on saturated loess slopes effectively. Therefore, the measurement method for soil erosion from saturated soil slopes can help to estimate the STC and obtain key parameters for the soil erosion prediction model.

中文翻译:

饱和土质边坡上集中水流输沙能力的试验确定

泥沙输送能力(STC)是表征山坡土壤侵蚀特征的重要变量。STC还决定了泥沙输送和溶质输送的能力。在这项研究中,开发了一种实验方法学策略来测量饱和土质边坡上侵蚀小溪中的STC。通过使用倾斜的水槽段将足够量的沉积物注入水流中来确保STC,并使用水槽段来稳定水流并在STC水平上产生沉积物浓度以进行测量。在5°,10°,15°和20°的四个坡度梯度和0.33、0.67和1.33的三个单位宽度流速下进行实验×10 -3 m 3 s -1 m -1进行了测量饱和土壤边坡上的STC的试验,并以非饱和土壤边坡上的STC的试验为对照。测得的STC范围为0.16至1.41 kg s -1 m -1在饱和的黄土边坡上。通过测量的STC的小SD值以及在20°坡度和三个单位宽度的流量处的细沙沉积物输送速率的趋势与STC值之间的一致性,证明了饱和土壤边坡的STC测量方法是可行的。在饱和土质边坡上,STC与坡度梯度之间的关系以及STC与单位宽度流速之间的关系分别与幂函数和线性函数很好地匹配。此外,STC值与流速具有很好的相关性。饱和黄土边坡的STC值比非饱和黄土边坡的STC值大25%。发现了边坡梯度和单位宽度流速的经验幂函数可以有效地预测饱和黄土边坡的STC。所以,
更新日期:2020-05-17
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