We aimed to investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphism of Pro/Ala (rs1801282) in peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma (PPAR‐γ) gene with risk factors of diabetes mellitus (DM) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. We recruited 244 participants from Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Sargodha District Head Quarter Teaching Hospital, Pakistan. Out of 244 participants, 144 cases were CVD patients and 100 were healthy controls. CVD patients were further divided into 111 coronary artery disease (CAD) and 33 cardiomyopathy (CMP) patients. Assessment of variant specific polymorphism/mutation of Pro/Pro and Pro/Ala genotypes was done through amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS‐PCR). Further, serum biomarkers were measured to investigate the association among risk factors of DM and Pro/Ala polymorphism in PPAR‐γ gene. About 31.5% Pro/Ala genotype was found in CVD patients out of which 22.5% were CAD patients and 9% were CMP patients. As a result, obesity, hypertension and smoking (35%, 23%, 21%, respectively) were observed to be the most critical risk factors accompanying Pro/Ala mutation in PPAR‐γ particularly in CAD patients as compared to that in CMP patients. A similar pattern of association was observed among the elevated levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride and ALT with Pro/Ala mutation in CAD patients. Further, CAD patients using ACE inhibitors (18%) and β‐blockers (13%) were found to be the carriers of Pro/Ala genotype and also showed significant increase in glucose level. This study suggests that hyperglycaemia in CAD patients particularly obese, smokers and hypertensives having Pro/Ala polymorphism in PPAR‐γ gene are at high risk of developing DM as clearly observed by hyperglycaemia in CAD patients.

中文翻译：

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PPAR-γ基因rs1801282变异的生化研究及其与冠心病合并糖尿病危险因素的相关性[J].

我们旨在研究过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ（PPAR-γ）基因中 Pro/Ala（rs1801282）单核苷酸多态性与心血管疾病（CVD）患者糖尿病（DM）危险因素的关联。我们招募了来自巴基斯坦萨戈达区总部教学医院费萨拉巴德心脏病学研究所和心脏病学系的 244 名参与者。在 244 名参与者中，144 例为 CVD 患者，100 例为健康对照。CVD患者进一步分为111例冠状动脉疾病（CAD）和33例心肌病（CMP）患者。Pro/Pro 和 Pro/Ala 基因型的变异特异性多态性/突变的评估是通过扩增难治性突变系统聚合酶链反应 (ARMS-PCR) 完成的。更远，测量血清生物标志物以研究 DM 危险因素与 PPAR-γ 基因 Pro/Ala 多态性之间的关联。在 CVD 患者中发现了大约 31.5% 的 Pro/Ala 基因型，其中 22.5% 是 CAD 患者，9% 是 CMP 患者。因此，与 CMP 患者相比，肥胖、高血压和吸烟（分别为 35%、23%、21%）被观察为伴随 PPAR-γ Pro/Ala 突变的最关键危险因素，特别是在 CAD 患者中. 在 CAD 患者中葡萄糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯和 ALT 水平升高与 Pro/Ala 突变之间观察到类似的关联模式。此外，使用 ACEI (18%) 和 β-受体阻滞剂 (13%) 的 CAD 患者被发现是 Pro/Ala 基因型的携带者，并且血糖水平也显着升高。