A 9-month old, female, stray dog was rescued and conducted to a university veterinary hospital. Moderate anemia was observed and abdominal ultrasound revealed pancreatitis. Right kidney was not visualized due to intestinal gas. Urinalysis was normal. Castration was performed three weeks later. Before discharge, abdominal ultrasound was performed for internal sutures examination. A cyst-like structure was present in the right retroperitoneal space with what appeared to be tubular worms inside it, not observed in previous evaluation. An ectopic dioctophymosis diagnosis was made. Two female Dioctophyme renale were surgically removed from the structure. Right kidney was hyperemic but not removed. No sign of peritonitis was observed. The dog recovered well. Laboratory follow-up showed no abnormalities a year after the episode and Doppler ultrasound revealed a mild right nephropathy. This is the first canine ectopic dioctophymosis case with only an abdominal cyst-like structure containing viable nematodes, successfully treated. It represents the rarity and difficulties in diagnosing ectopic dioctophymosis even in enzootic locations, highlighting the importance of ultrasonographic screening for such silent, potentially zoonotic disease.

救出了一只9个月大的雌性流浪狗，并将其带到了一家大学兽医医院。观察到中度贫血，腹部超声显示胰腺炎。右肾由于肠内气体而无法观察到。尿液分析正常。三周后去势。出院前，进行腹部超声检查以进行内部缝合。右侧腹膜后间隙中存在一个囊肿状结构，内部似乎是管状蠕虫，以前的评估未观察到。进行了异位异位性咽炎诊断。两名女性Dioctophyme肾通过手术从结构中移除。右肾充血但未切除。没有观察到腹膜炎的迹象。那只狗恢复得很好。发作后一年，实验室随访未发现异常，多普勒超声检查发现轻度右肾病。这是第一例成功治疗的仅具有包含活的线虫的腹腔囊样结构的犬异位二恶性吞咽病病例。它代表了即使在动物粪便位置也很难诊断出异位性二八面肌病的问题，这突出了超声筛查这种无声的，潜在的人畜共患病的重要性。