This review examines metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF) using gold (Au) nanostructures, with a focus on biomedical applications of this phenomenon, namely fluorescence biosensing and imaging. The mechanism by which MEF occurs will be briefly discussed before a thorough review of recent investigations, particularly surrounding cancer detection and imaging. Work in this field has primarily focused on substrate-based MEF and more recently has explored solution-based enhancement. Therefore, this review will examine both the different nanostructured substrates as well as the colloidal nanomaterials that have been synthesized, along with their interactions with fluorescent molecules. The potential applications of plasmonic probes for optical imaging, particularly in the near-infrared II (NIR-II) window, are also discussed. By incorporating MEF into diagnostic and imaging techniques, it is expected that there will be dramatic improvements to patient survival rates via early diagnosis and efficient treatment.

这项审查审查了金（Au）纳米结构的金属增强的荧光（MEF），重点是这种现象的生物医学应用，即荧光生物传感和成像。在全面回顾最近的研究之前，将简要讨论MEF发生的机制，尤其是围绕癌症检测和成像的研究。该领域的工作主要集中在基于基板的MEF上，最近又探索了基于解决方案的增强功能。因此，本综述将研究不同的纳米结构基质以及已合成的胶体纳米材料，以及它们与荧光分子的相互作用。还讨论了等离激元探针在光学成像中的潜在应用，尤其是在近红外II（NIR-II）窗口中。通过早期诊断和有效治疗。