It is well known that excessive exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation can have serious adverse effects. Many everyday materials influence the UV radiation received by humans, for example, those used in construction and on the exterior of buildings such as plastics and glass can reduce the UV exposure of persons exposed to solar radiation. In this paper we analyse the spectral transmission of solar radiation of widely used materials using the transmittance parameter. The measurements were performed on clear days, at 8 h and 12 solar hours, in July 2018 (five days) and in January 2019 (three days). The spectral transmittances of these materials and the integrated transmittances in the UVB from 300 nm, UVA, visible (VIS) and near infrared ranges (NIR) were calculated. In summer in the UVB range from 300 nm methacrylate and smoked glass have the highest transmittance values (56%) and polycarbonate present the lowest (30%). In the VIS and NIR ranges methacrylate (95%) and smoked glass (80%) have the highest transmittances and polycarbonate the lowest (45%). In general the 8 h transmittances are higher than those at 12 h and are also higher in winter than summer.

For two biological functions (erythemal and DNA-damage) and for the UVB range from 300 nm, the transmittance for most materials (except fibreglass) is in the range 6–14%. The exposure times obtained show that erythemal damage could occur after long exposure to solar radiation through the materials studied, information which should be made available to the general public.

众所周知，过度暴露于太阳紫外线（UV）会产生严重的不利影响。许多日常材料都会影响人类接收的紫外线辐射，例如，建筑和建筑物外部使用的那些材料，例如塑料和玻璃，可以减少暴露在太阳辐射下的人们的紫外线辐射。在本文中，我们使用透射率参数分析了广泛使用的材料的太阳辐射的光谱透射率。在晴天，2018年7月（5天）和2019年1月（3天）的晴天（8小时和12个太阳小时）进行测量。计算了这些材料的光谱透射率以及300 nm，UVA，可见光（VIS）和近红外范围（NIR）中UVB的积分透射率。夏季，UVB范围为300 nm，甲基丙烯酸酯和熏制玻璃的透射率值最高（56％），而聚碳酸酯的透射率值最低（30％）。在VIS和NIR范围内，甲基丙烯酸酯（95％）和烟熏玻璃（80％）的透射率最高，而聚碳酸酯的透射率最低（45％）。通常，8 h的透射率高于12 h的透射率，冬季的透射率也高于夏季。

对于两种生物学功能（红斑和DNA损伤）以及UVB在300 nm范围内，大多数材料（玻璃纤维除外）的透射率在6–14％的范围内。所获得的暴露时间表明，经过研究的材料长时间暴露于太阳辐射下可能会发生红斑损害，应向公众提供信息。