The Early Middle Paleolithic (EMP) lithic assemblage of Misliya Cave, dated to 240-150 ka, is associated with one of the earliest occurrences of Homo sapiens outside Africa. Our research provides a detailed technological study of the lithic assemblage of stratigraphic unit 5-6c of the site, using the chaîne opératoire approach, to characterize the technological behavior of the early H. sapiens. Our results indicate that both Levallois and laminar volumetric concepts were used. The Levallois reduction strategy involved preparing subtriangular cores with steep distal edges that allowed producing a series of triangular/subtriangular Levallois blanks using a unidirectional convergent method. Laminar débitage constitutes a semirotating/rotating method. The results of our study and comparisons with other Levantine sites indicate that the EMP represents a distinct entity within the Levantine Middle Pleistocene record that can be distinguished by the earliest occurrence of a full-fledged Levallois technology in the region, laminar technology, and a distinct tool kit dominated by elongated retouched points. The level of core management involved in producing convergent Levallois products and in preparing laminar cores points to a major conceptual change from the preceding Acheulian and Acheulo-Yabrudian. This suggests a break in knapping strategies between the Lower and the Middle Paleolithic. The finding of a H. sapiens maxilla at Misliya Cave in association with the EMP industry supports the hypothesis that the introduction of the Levallois technology in the Near East was associated with an early dispersal of H. sapiens from Africa. A comparison between the Levantine EMP and other regional records indicates that different Levallois methods were routinely used by hominins from the beginning of the Middle Paleolithic and the Middle Stone Age.

中文翻译：

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黎凡特Levallois技术的出现：以色列Misliya Cave中古旧石器时代早期遗址的视图。

Misliya Cave的早期中古石器时代（EMP）石器组合，可追溯到240-150 ka，是非洲以外最早发生的智人之一。我们的研究使用chaîneopératoire方法对站点的地层单元5-6c的岩性组合进行了详细的技术研究，以表征早期的智人的技术行为。我们的结果表明使用了Levallois和层流体积概念。Levallois减少策略涉及制备具有陡峭远端边缘的亚三角下核，从而允许使用单向收敛方法生产一系列三角形/亚三角Levallois坯料。层流脱位是一种半旋转/旋转方法。我们的研究结果以及与其他黎凡特地区的比较结果表明，EMP代表着黎凡特中更新世记录中的一个独特实体，可以通过该地区最早出现的成熟Levallois技术，层流技术和独特的特征来加以区分。工具包以拉长的修饰点为主。生产融合的Levallois产品和制备层状核心所涉及的核心管理水平表明，与先前的Acheulian和Acheulo-Yabrudian相比，这是一个重大的概念变化。这表明下旧石器时代和中旧石器时代的打劫策略有所不同。H的发现 与EMP工业相关的Misliya Cave的上颌智人支持以下假说，即在近东引入Levallois技术与来自非洲的智人的早期传播有关。Levantine EMP与其他地区记录之间的比较表明，从旧石器时代中期和石器时代中期开始，人参通常使用不同的Levallois方法。