The food industry is considered to be one of the greatest sources of environmental contamination produced by dyes. Moreover, a large number of commercial food dyes and their by-products have been shown to be toxic, having chronic effects on human health. The search for efficient processes with which to treat these compounds is, therefore, necessary. In this work, the photo-peroxidation and photo-Fenton processes using UV-C and sunlight radiations were evaluated in order to degrade two synthetic dyes commonly found in food industry wastewater, sunset yellow and tartrazine, in an aqueous mixture. The preliminary results showed that the photo-Fenton/UV-C system was the most efficient. The ANOVA analysis results indicated a good fit of the model. The higher degradations were obtained using 50 mg L⁻¹ of [H₂O₂], 1 mg L⁻¹ of [Fe], a pH of 3.5, and a lower surface area/volume ratio (0.02 cm² mL⁻¹). In the kinetic study, a good fit was found for the kinetic model proposed by Chan and Chu. Degradations higher than 99% and 78% were obtained for the chromophore and aromatic groups, respectively, in 180 min. Toxicity tests showed that post-treatment samples did not interfere in the development of Lactuca sativa seeds and Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis bacteria strains. The photo-Fenton/UV-C system can, therefore, be considered an efficient treatment for the degradation of the mixture of sunset yellow and tartrazine dyes under the conditions evaluated.

中文翻译：

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日落黄和酒石黄染料混合物的降解：使用统计设计和经验数学模型的优化

食品工业被认为是染料产生的最大环境污染源之一。而且，已经显示出大量的商业食用染料及其副产物是有毒的，对人类健康具有慢性影响。因此，需要寻找有效的方法来处理这些化合物。在这项工作中，对使用UV-C和日光辐射的光过氧化和光芬顿工艺进行了评估，以降解水性混合物中食品工业废水中常见的两种合成染料，日落黄和酒石黄。初步结果表明，光芬顿/ UV-C系统是最有效的。方差分析的结果表明该模型非常合适。使用50 mg L ^-1的[H₂ O ₂ ]，1 mg L ^-1的[Fe]，pH 3.5和较低的表面积/体积比（0.02 cm ²  mL ^-1）。在动力学研究中，发现了Chan和Chu提出的动力学模型的良好拟合。180分钟内，生色团和芳族基团的降解率分别高于99％和78％。毒性测试表明，处理后的样品不会干扰紫花苜蓿种子，大肠杆菌和肠炎沙门氏菌的发育细菌菌株。因此，可以将光芬顿/ UV-C系统视为在评估的条件下降解日落黄和酒石黄染料混合物的有效方法。