Chemical reactions in small-volume reactors such as biological cells are highly variable due to the stochastic collision events of the small number of molecules. To analyze and design these stochastic biomolecular reactions, computational tools have been developed based on rigorous mathematical foundations. This paper reviews fundamental theory and computational tools for the modeling, analysis, and design of stochastic biomolecular systems. Specifically, we first review the governing equation of the stochastic kinetics using the first principle modeling. Then, three computational approaches are introduced for simulating and/or analyzing the governing equation.

中文翻译：

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生物分子系统中随机反应动力学的建模与分析

由于少量分子的随机碰撞事件，小体积反应器（例如生物细胞）中的化学反应变化很大。为了分析和设计这些随机生物分子反应，基于严格的数学基础开发了计算工具。本文回顾了用于随机生物分子系统建模、分析和设计的基础理论和计算工具。具体来说，我们首先使用第一原理建模回顾随机动力学的控制方程。然后，介绍了三种计算方法来模拟和/或分析控制方程。