How do bilingual interlocutors inhibit interference from the non-target language to achieve brain-to-brain information exchange in a task to simulate a bilingual speaker–listener interaction. In the current study, two electroencephalogram devices were employed to record pairs of participants’ performances in a joint language switching task. Twenty-eight (14 pairs) unbalanced Chinese–English bilinguals (L1 Chinese) were instructed to name pictures in the appropriate language according to the cue. The phase-amplitude coupling analysis was employed to reveal the large-scale brain network responsible for joint language control between interlocutors. We found that (1) speakers and listeners coordinately suppressed cross-language interference through cross-frequency coupling, as shown in the increased delta/theta phase-amplitude and delta/alpha phase-amplitude coupling when switching to L2 than switching to L1; (2) speakers and listeners were both able to simultaneously inhibit cross-person item-level interference which was demonstrated by stronger cross-frequency coupling in the cross person condition compared to the within person condition. These results indicate that current bilingual models (e.g., the inhibitory control model) should incorporate mechanisms that address inhibiting interference sourced in both language and person (i.e., cross-language and cross-person item-level interference) synchronously through joint language control in dynamic cross-language communication.

双语对话者如何抑制非目标语言的干扰以实现脑对脑信息交换，以模拟双语说话者 - 听者交互的任务。在当前的研究中，两个脑电图设备被用来记录参与者在联合语言转换任务中的表现。二十八（14对）不平衡的中英双语者（L1中文）被要求根据提示以适当的语言命名图片。相位幅度耦合分析用于揭示负责对话者之间联合语言控制的大规模大脑网络。我们发现（1）说话者和听者通过跨频耦合协同抑制跨语言干扰，如切换到 L2 时比切换到 L1 时增加的 delta/theta 相位幅度和 delta/alpha 相位幅度耦合所示；(2) 说话者和听者都能够同时抑制跨人项目级干扰，与人内条件相比，跨人条件下的交叉频率耦合更强。这些结果表明，当前的双语模型（例如，抑制控制模型）应该包含解决抑制来自两者的干扰的机制。动态跨语言交流中通过联合语言控制实现语言和人同步（即跨语言和跨人项目级干扰）。