Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been often referred to as an executive function deficit disorder with a specific electrophysiological signature. Although previous research suggests that individuals with subthreshold symptoms also suffer from severe impairments in daily life, only few studies have investigated cognitive and neural alterations in this group. Here, we explored impairments in executive functions and their electrophysiological correlates in a sample of adults with full syndrome (N = 113) and subthreshold (N = 46) ADHD compared to controls (N = 42). Results suggest that adults with full syndrome ADHD exhibit more executive function deficits than controls, while there were no electrophysiological differences found between groups. Also, we observed only small differences in neuropsychological variables between subthreshold ADHD and controls and no evidence for altered neural activity in the resting state. While subthreshold ADHD was not associated with altered executive functions or abnormal electrophysiological activity, this group reported significant psychological impairments and comorbidity.

注意缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）通常被称为具有特定电生理特征的执行功能缺陷障碍。尽管先前的研究表明具有亚阈值症状的人的日常生活也受到严重损害，但只有极少数的研究调查了这一组的认知和神经改变。在这里，我们探索了在执行功能障碍和它们的电生理相关因素全综合征（成年人的样品中Ñ  = 113）和亚阈值（Ñ  = 46）ADHD与对照相比（Ñ = 42）。结果表明，患有ADHD完全综合征的成年人比对照组表现出更多的执行功能缺陷，而两组之间没有发现电生理差异。同样，我们观察到亚阈值多动症和对照组之间在神经心理变量上只有很小的差异，在静息状态下没有证据表明神经活动发生了改变。亚阈下注意力缺陷多动障碍与执行功能改变或电生理活动异常无关，但该组报告有明显的心理障碍和合并症。