Additive manufacturing technologies are dynamically developing, strongly affecting almost all fields of industry and medicine. The appearance of electrically conductive polymers has had a great impact on the prototyping process of different electrical components in the case of upper limb prosthetic development. The widely used FFF 3D printing technology mainly uses PLA (polylactic acid) and ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) based composites, and despite their presence in the field, a detailed, critical characterization and comparison of them has not been performed yet. Our aim was to characterize two PLA and ABS based carbon composites in terms of electrical and mechanical behavior, and extend the observations with a structural and signal transfer analysis. The measurements were carried out by changing the different printing parameters, including layer resolution, printing orientation and infill density. To determine the mechanical properties, static and dynamic tests were conducted. The electrical characterization was done by measuring the resistance and signal transfer characteristics. Scanning electron microscopy was used for the structural analysis. The results proved that the printing parameters had a significant effect on the mechanical and electrical characteristics of both materials. As a major novelty, it was concluded that the ABS carbon composite has more favorable behavior in the case of additive manufacturing of electrical components of upper limb prosthetics, and they can be used as moving, rotating parts as well.

中文翻译：

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上肢假体增材制造中印刷参数对PLA和ABS基碳复合材料电导率和力学性能的影响

增材制造技术正在动态发展，对几乎所有工业和医学领域都产生了巨大影响。在上肢假体开发的情况下，导电聚合物的出现对不同电气组件的原型制作过程具有很大的影响。广泛使用的FFF 3D打印技术主要使用基于PLA（聚乳酸）和ABS（丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯）的复合材料，尽管它们存在于本领域，但尚未对其进行详细，关键的表征和比较。我们的目的是根据电气和机械性能表征两种基于PLA和ABS的碳复合材料，并通过结构和信号传输分析扩展观察结果。通过更改不同的打印参数进行测量，包括层分辨率，打印方向和填充密度。为了确定机械性能，进行了静态和动态测试。通过测量电阻和信号传输特性来完成电学表征。扫描电子显微镜用于结构分析。结果证明，印刷参数对两种材料的机械和电气特性都有重要影响。作为一个主要的新颖性，得出的结论是，在增材制造上肢假肢的电气部件的情况下，ABS碳复合材料具有更良好的性能，并且它们还可以用作移动，旋转部件。通过测量电阻和信号传输特性来完成电学表征。扫描电子显微镜用于结构分析。结果证明，印刷参数对两种材料的机械和电气特性都有重要影响。作为一个主要的新颖性，得出的结论是，在增材制造上肢假肢的电气部件的情况下，ABS碳复合材料具有更良好的性能，并且它们还可以用作移动，旋转部件。通过测量电阻和信号传输特性来完成电学表征。扫描电子显微镜用于结构分析。结果证明，印刷参数对两种材料的机械和电气特性都有重要影响。作为一个主要的新颖性，得出的结论是，在增材制造上肢假肢的电气部件的情况下，ABS碳复合材料具有更良好的性能，并且它们还可以用作移动，旋转部件。