Background: Cardiometabolic morbidity and medications, specifically Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs), have been linked with adverse outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aims to investigate factors associated with COVID-19 positivity for the first 669 UK Biobank participants; compared with individuals who tested negative, and with the untested, presumed negative, rest of the population. Methods: We studied 1,474 participants from the UK Biobank who had been tested for COVID-19. Given UK testing policy, this implies a hospital setting, suggesting at least moderate to severe symptoms. We considered the following exposures: age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, ACEi/ARB use, prior myocardial infarction (MI), and smoking. We undertook comparisons between: 1) COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 tested negative participants; and 2) COVID-19 tested positive and the remaining participants (tested negative plus untested, n=501,837). Logistic regression models were used to investigate univariate and mutually adjusted associations. Results: Among participants tested for COVID-19, non-white ethnicity, male sex, and greater BMI were independently associated with COVID-19 positive result. Non-white ethnicity, male sex, greater BMI, diabetes, hypertension, prior MI, and smoking were independently associated with COVID-19 positivity compared to the remining cohort (test negatives plus untested). However, similar associations were observed when comparing those who tested negative for COVID-19 with the untested cohort; suggesting that these factors associate with general hospitalisation rather than specifically with COVID-19. Conclusions: Among participants tested for COVID-19 with presumed moderate to severe symptoms in a hospital setting, non-white ethnicity, male sex, and higher BMI are associated with a positive result. Other cardiometabolic morbidities confer increased risk of hospitalisation, without specificity for COVID-19. Notably, ACE/ARB use did not associate with COVID-19 status.

中文翻译：

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非白色种族，男性性别和较高的身体质量指数，但与肾素-血管紧张素系统有关的药物未与2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）相关联：对英国生物银行的首批669例病例进行审查

背景：心脏代谢疾病和药物，特别是血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂（ACEi）和血管紧张素受体阻滞剂（ARB），已与2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的不良后果相关。这项研究旨在调查英国首批669名生物库参与者的COVID-19阳性相关因素。与测试阴性的人和未测试的假定阴性的人相比。方法：我们研究了来自英国生物库的1,474名参与者，这些参与者已经接受了COVID-19的检测。根据英国的测试政策，这意味着要在医院就诊，建议至少出现中度至重度症状。我们考虑了以下暴露因素：年龄，性别，种族，体重指数（BMI），糖尿病，高血压，高胆固醇血症，使用ACEi / ARB，先前的心肌梗塞（MI）和吸烟。我们进行了以下比较：1）COVID-19阳性和COVID-19测试的阴性参与者；2）COVID-19测试为阳性，其余参与者（测试为阴性加未测试，n = 501,837）。逻辑回归模型用于研究单变量和相互调整的关联。结果：在接受COVID-19测试的参与者中，非白人，男性和更高的BMI与COVID-19阳性结果独立相关。与正常人群相比，非白人种族，男性，较高的BMI，糖尿病，高血压，既往心梗和吸烟与COVID-19阳性独立相关（测试阴性和未经测试）。但是，将那些对COVID-19测试为阴性的人与未经测试的人群进行比较时，观察到相似的关联。提示这些因素与一般住院治疗有关，而不是与COVID-19有关。结论：在医院环境中被测试为COVID-19且具有中度至重度症状的参与者中，非白人，男性和较高的BMI与阳性结果相关。其他心脏代谢疾病的住院风险增加，而COVID-19没有特异性。值得注意的是，ACE / ARB的使用与COVID-19状态无关。