Routine monitoring and forecasting of the ionosphere is becoming imperative for our society due to the rapid increase of our reliance on space‐based technologies. In the last two decades, satellite remote sensing of the OI 135.6‐nm airglow emission has been used as a primary means for inferring the nighttime ionosphere on a global scale. By contrast, the OI 130.4‐nm emission, another prominent airglow feature, has long been suggested to be possibly useful for ionospheric remote sensing but has rarely been studied in the literature, partially due to the complexity of the radiative transfer effects involved in the interpretation of this emission. In this study, we explore the use of OI 130.4‐nm emission for nighttime ionospheric remote sensing by analyzing the data observed by the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI) aboard NASA's Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) mission using a newly developed radiative transfer model. We demonstrate through data analysis and theoretical investigations that limb observations of the OI 130.4‐nm emission can be used to complement the OI 135.6‐nm emission for a better characterization of the spatial variation of nighttime ionosphere and that nadir observations of the OI 130.4‐nm emission can be used to estimate the total electron content (TEC) and the peak density (N _mF ₂) in smoothly varying ionospheric regions more accurately than the OI 135.6‐nm emission. We further propose techniques for estimating the ionospheric peak height (h _mF ₂) using nadir observations of the two emissions. Our results can provide useful information for future ionospheric remote sensing missions.

中文翻译：

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使用OI 130.4-nm发射对夜间电离层进行远紫外线遥感

由于我们对天基技术的依赖迅速增加，对电离层进行例行的监测和预报已成为我们社会的当务之急。在过去的二十年中，OI 135.6-nm气辉发射的卫星遥感已被用作在全球范围内推断夜间电离层的主要手段。相比之下，OI 130.4-nm发射（另一个显着的气辉特征）长期以来被认为可能对电离层遥感有用，但在文献中很少进行研究，部分原因是解释中涉及的辐射传递效应很复杂的排放量。在这项研究中，我们将通过分析NASA'上的全球紫外线成像仪（GUVI）观测到的数据，探索将OI 130.4-nm发射用于夜间电离层遥感 使用新开发的辐射传输模型进行热层电离层中层能与动力学（TIMED）任务。通过数据分析和理论研究，我们证明了OI 130.4-nm发射的肢体观察可用于补充OI 135.6-nm发射，以更好地表征夜间电离层的空间变化以及OI 130.4-nm的最低点观测发射可用于估算总电子含量（TEC）和峰密度（Ñ_米˚F ₂）中顺利地更精确地变化的电离层区域比所述OI 135.6纳米发射。我们进一步提出了使用两种辐射的最低点来估算电离层峰高（h _m F ₂）的技术。我们的结果可以为将来的电离层遥感任务提供有用的信息。