Abstract Performance-based planning is advocated as a promising alternative to more common prescriptive approaches (e.g., traditional zoning), to manage the complexity of current urban development in a flexible and effective way. The aim of this paper is to develop and test an innovative performance-based planning approach built around the assessment of ecosystem service supply and demand. The approach moves from the overall objective of enhancing the provision of relevant ecosystem services in the city. Accordingly, proposed urban transformations are subject to a performance assessment aimed at limiting the negative impact on the current ecosystem service supply and promoting the integration of ecosystem-based actions. The loss in the current supply defines the required level of performance, while the type of performance (i.e. what ecosystem services should be targeted) depends on ecosystem service demand. To support the implementation of the approach, we developed two operational tools: the “combined ES supply” map and the “integrated ES demand” map. A scoring system links the indicators in the two maps and assesses the balance between positive and negative impacts. The proposed approach is tested in the city of Trento, Italy, considering seven urban ecosystem services and three different types of urban transformations. The application reveals strengths and limitations, and offers a proof-of-concept that can be further refined and adapted to other contexts. The study demonstrates how ecosystem service assessments can support the design of technical policy instruments, thus contributing to filling a blindspot on the roles of ecosystem service knowledge in decision-making processes.

中文翻译：

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基于绩效的整合城市生态系统服务供需的规划方法

摘要 基于绩效的规划被提倡作为更常见的规定方法（例如，传统分区）的有前途的替代方案，以灵活有效的方式管理当前城市发展的复杂性。本文的目的是开发和测试一种创新的基于绩效的规划方法，该方法围绕生态系统服务供应和需求的评估而构建。该方法的总体目标是加强城市相关生态系统服务的提供。因此，拟议的城市转型需要进行绩效评估，旨在限制对当前生态系统服务供应的负面影响并促进基于生态系统的行动的整合。电流供应中的损耗定义了所需的性能水平，而性能类型（即 应针对哪些生态系统服务）取决于生态系统服务需求。为支持该方法的实施，我们开发了两种操作工具：“组合 ES 供应”图和“集成 ES 需求”图。评分系统将两张地图中的指标联系起来，并评估正面和负面影响之间的平衡。拟议的方法在意大利特伦托市进行了测试，考虑了七种城市生态系统服务和三种不同类型的城市转型。该应用程序揭示了优势和局限性，并提供了一个可以进一步完善和适应其他环境的概念验证。该研究展示了生态系统服务评估如何支持技术政策工具的设计，