Abstract Measuring food-evoked emotions dynamically during consumption can be done using explicit self-report methods such as Temporal Dominance of Emotions (TDE), and implicit methods such as recording facial expressions. It is not known whether or how dynamic explicit and implicit emotion measures correspond. This study investigated how explicit self-reported food-evoked emotions evaluated with TDE are related to implicit food-evoked emotions determined from facial expressions. Fifty-six participants evaluated six yogurts with granola pieces varying in size, hardness and concentration, using multiple bite assessment employing TDE for the first, third and fifth bite of consumption. Consumers were video recorded during each bite of consumption and facial expressions were analysed using FaceReader™. Happy, interested, disgusted and bored were similar descriptors measured explicitly and implicitly. Little overlap was observed regarding the type of emotion characterization by FaceReader™ and TDE. Products were mainly discriminated along the valence dimension (positive – negative), and directly reflected product discrimination in terms of liking. FaceReader™ further differentiated the least liked products from each other on arousal and negative facial expressions. Our results indicated little dynamics in food-evoked emotions within and between bites. Facial expressions seemed more dynamic within bites, while explicit food-evoked emotion responses seemed more dynamic between bites. We conclude that FaceReader™ intensities of emotions and dominance durations observed in TDE are not directly comparable and show little overlap. Moreover, food-evoked emotion responses were fairly stable from first to last bite and only very limited changes were observed using implicit and explicit emotions measures.

中文翻译：

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脸能显示出思想的内容吗？从面部表情获得的动态情绪与情绪的时间支配性 (TDE) 之间的比较

摘要 在消费过程中动态测量食物诱发的情绪可以使用显式的自我报告方法（如情绪时间支配（TDE））和隐式方法（如记录面部表情）来完成。不知道动态的显性和隐性情绪测量是否或如何对应。本研究调查了用 TDE 评估的外显自我报告的食物诱发情绪与根据面部表情确定的内隐食物诱发情绪之间的关系。56 名参与者使用 TDE 对第一、第三和第五口消费进行多口评估，评估了六种含有不同大小、硬度和浓度的格兰诺拉麦片的酸奶。消费者在每一口消费过程中都会被录制视频，并使用 FaceReader™ 分析面部表情。开心，有兴趣，厌恶和无聊是类似的描述，明确和隐含地衡量。关于 FaceReader™ 和 TDE 的情绪表征类型，几乎没有观察到重叠。产品主要沿价维度（正-负）进行区分，直接反映产品在喜好方面的区分。FaceReader™ 进一步区分最不喜欢的产品在唤醒和消极面部表情方面。我们的结果表明，在咬合内和咬合之间，食物诱发的情绪几乎没有动态。一口咬下的面部表情似乎更有活力，而明确的食物诱发的情绪反应在两口之间似乎更具活力。我们得出的结论是，在 TDE 中观察到的 FaceReader™ 情绪强度和优势持续时间不能直接比较并且几乎没有重叠。而且，