Abstract Various anthropogenic activities result in a continuous discharge of contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs) into the natural environs. The remediation of these substances is an emerging concern to safeguard life on earth. The main aim of this research article is to provide a deep imminent into the available conventional and advanced wastewater treatment processes and to analyze their removal efficiencies, long term application prospects while comparing them technically and economically. Several traditional approaches and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) experimented in the recent past. Ozonation and powdered activated charcoal remove iohexol, iomeprol, and iopromide with an efficiency of >97% and 90% for diatrizoate. Algal technologies have excellent removal efficiency for heavy metals (37–100%) and remove noxious nutrients. AOPs significantly remove hazardous contaminants from wastewaters. Interestingly, engineered biochar cleans heavy metals, toxic dyes, COD, pesticides, and harmful aromatic compounds effectively. Moreover, nanofiltration nowadays considered as the boon for treating the wastewater with a dye removal efficiency achieved to be 98%. The removal efficiencies by exploring AOPs vary 45–100% for specific contaminants but, increase the energy consumption cost by 60–150%. Undoubtedly, AOPs overweighed to conventional remediation technologies for efficiency, but are specific to remove a particular contaminant. Furthermore, based on past research, these techniques appreciably remove one or more kinds of pollutants but are inadequate to remove most of the toxic substances efficiently from wastewater. Therefore, a comprehensive research is required to find an appropriate low cost, ecofriendly, and efficient technology to remediate different kinds of CECs from wastewater.

中文翻译：

---

废水处理技术对抗新出现的污染物的前景和挑战

摘要 各种人为活动导致新出现的污染物 (CEC) 不断排放到自然环境中。修复这些物质是保护地球生命的一个新兴问题。这篇研究文章的主要目的是深入了解可用的传统和先进的废水处理工艺，并分析它们的去除效率和长期应用前景，同时在技术和经济上进行比较。最近尝试了几种传统方法和高级氧化工艺 (AOP)。臭氧化和粉状活性炭去除碘海醇、碘美醇和碘普罗胺的效率>97%，而泛影酸盐的效率为 90%。藻类技术对重金属具有出色的去除效率（37-100%）并去除有害营养物质。AOP 可显着去除废水中的有害污染物。有趣的是，工程生物炭可以有效地清洁重金属、有毒染料、COD、杀虫剂和有害的芳香族化合物。此外，纳滤现在被认为是处理废水的福音，染料去除效率达到 98%。对于特定污染物，通过探索 AOP 的去除效率有 45-100% 的差异，但会增加 60-150% 的能源消耗成本。毫无疑问，AOP 在效率方面比传统的修复技术更重要，但专门用于去除特定的污染物。此外，根据过去的研究，这些技术可明显去除一种或多种污染物，但不足以有效去除废水中的大部分有毒物质。所以，