BACKGROUND Each stroke subtype is associated with specific risk factors, and stroke prevention depends solely on the control of the underlying risk factors for each stroke subtype. Obstructive sleep apnea has been established as a major risk factor for stroke and cardiovascular disease. However, information on the stroke subtype linked to obstructive sleep apnea is scarce. METHODS This was a single-center, observational case series study conducted on patients who were admitted with acute ischemic stroke to King Khalid University Hospital. The TOAST criteria were used to determine the stroke subtype in each of these patients. The Berlin questionnaire was utilized to assess the presence of obstructive sleep apnea. The proportion of each stroke subtype was then calculated and compared between the group with associated obstructive sleep apnea and the group without associated obstructive sleep apnea. RESULTS A total of 170 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke were admitted between January 2018 and September 2018. Eighty-seven (51%) patients were found to have obstructive sleep apnea. The proportion of small artery disease was significantly greater in the obstructive sleep apnea group (44% vs. 26%, P = 0.02). There was no difference in the distribution of the other stroke subtypes between the two groups. Univariate analysis revealed that small artery disease was associated with body mass index, hypertension, and obstructive sleep apnea. However, in a multivariate logistic analysis, only hypertension was found to be independently associated with small artery disease. CONCLUSION Small artery disease is the most common stroke subtype associated with obstructive sleep apnea. Clinicians must vigilantly assess the presence of obstructive sleep apnea in ischemic stroke patients, especially in patients whose stroke is attributed to small artery disease.

中文翻译：

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Lacune是与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停相关的中风亚型。

背景技术每种中风亚型都与特定的危险因素相关联，中风的预防仅取决于对每种中风亚型的潜在危险因素的控制。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停已被确定为中风和心血管疾病的主要危险因素。但是，与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停有关的中风亚型的信息很少。方法这是一项单中心，观察性病例系列研究，研究对象为哈立德国王医院住院的急性缺血性中风患者。使用TOAST标准确定每位患者的中风亚型。柏林问卷被用来评估阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的存在。然后计算每种中风亚型的比例，并在伴有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的组和未伴有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的组之间进行比较。结果2018年1月至2018年9月之间共收治了170例急性缺血性中风患者。发现87例（51％）患者患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停。在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停组中，小动脉疾病的比例明显更高（44％比26％，P = 0.02）。两组之间其他卒中亚型的分布没有差异。单因素分析表明，小动脉疾病与体重指数，高血压和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停有关。但是，在多元逻辑分析中，仅发现高血压与小动脉疾病独立相关。结论小动脉疾病是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停最常见的中风亚型。临床医生必须警惕评估缺血性中风患者，特别是中风归因于小动脉疾病的患者中阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的存在。