In recent decades, colleagues working in the Discipline of Geological Resources and Geological Engineering at Central South University made significant progress in theoretic study and application of geophysics, ore deposit and shale gas geology, 3D predictive modeling of concealed resources, and geological engineering. In geophysics, world-class progress was achieved in the development, data processing, equipment, and scientific survey of electromagnetic method in onshore and offshore environments and the tectonic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau. Especially, advanced wide-field electromagnetic exploration method and equipment as a highlight technique won the first prize of National Science and Technology Invention of China. In ore geology, progressive and complex characteristics of most nonferrous ore deposits and the geodynamic relationship between crust-mantle reaction and mineralization in south China were revealed. Progressive metallogenic models of certain typical ore deposits were established based on the study of fluid inclusion and geochemistry. According to characteristics of complex metallogenic system of polygenetic ore deposit, key ore-controlling factors were found and summarized. The investigation on unconventional resources advanced China’s shale gas resource evaluation system. In 3D predictive modelling of metallogenic, a large-scale location prediction model was established for exploration of crisis mines and concealed ore deposits. Our developed 3D predictive modeling techniques for concealed orebodies were widely used to explore deep mineral resources in China. In geological engineering area, the key technologies for deep drilling into complex formations were developed. Especially the drilling fluid and tools were utilized in the fieldwork. The rock and soil mechanics analysis method and anchor technologies were also established and applied to engineering practice.