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Adverse responses of Cabera pusaria caterpillars to high dietary manganese concentration
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-16 , DOI: 10.1111/eea.12919
Petr Martinek 1 , Josef Hedbávný 2 , Tomáš Kudláček 1 , Michal Šťasta 1 , Emanuel Kula 1
Affiliation  

The adaptation of insects to environmental changes can constitute a crucial factor in their development and activity. The response of Cabera pusaria L. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) caterpillars to high manganese (Mn) concentrations in the diet was studied. Birch leaves were treated by dipping in MnCl2·4H2O solutions, thereby achieving Mn contents of 370 (T0), 695 (T1), 3 198 (T2), and 6 302 mg kg−1 (T3). The reactions were determined by observing caterpillar mortality, development time, food consumption, and pupal weight. Manganese concentrations in larval excrement, pupae, and food were determined. Manganese in the diet at unnaturally increased concentrations caused great stress for caterpillars. All individuals in the treatment with the highest Mn concentration (T3) died during rearing and successful pupation occurred in only four individuals in T2. Even in the case of caterpillars from T1 (twofold higher than T0) a negative reaction (increased food consumption and prolonged development) was recorded. We also determined significantly increased Mn concentration in pupae from T1 (T2 and T3 were not included in this evaluation due to mortality) and excrement (T1‒T3) compared with T0 having a natural Mn concentration. Caterpillars were seen to eliminate negatively acting dietary Mn by its translocation to excrement. However, the highest mortality rate in T2 and T3 and negative reactions of individuals in T1 very likely demonstrate energy insufficiency and the high energy requirements of Mn elimination mechanisms.

中文翻译:

Cabera pusaria 毛虫对高膳食锰浓度的不良反应

昆虫对环境变化的适应是其发育和活动的关键因素。研究了 Cabera pusaria L.(鳞翅目:尺蠖科)毛虫对饮食中高锰 (Mn) 浓度的反应。桦木叶片经过MnCl2·4H2O溶液浸渍处理,Mn含量分别为370(T0)、695(T1)、3 198(T2)和6 302 mg kg-1(T3)。通过观察毛虫死亡率、发育时间、食物消耗和蛹重量来确定反应。测定了幼虫排泄物、蛹和食物中的锰浓度。饮食中的锰浓度异常增加,给毛毛虫造成了很大的压力。在最高锰浓度 (T3) 处理中的所有个体在饲养过程中死亡,并且在 T2 中仅 4 个个体成功化蛹。即使在来自 T1(比 T0 高两倍)的毛毛虫的情况下,也记录了负面反应(食物消耗增加和发育延长)。我们还确定,与具有天然 Mn 浓度的 T0 相比,T1(T2 和 T3 由于死亡率不包括在本评估中)和排泄物(T1-T3)的蛹中的 Mn 浓度显着增加。毛毛虫被认为通过易位到排泄物来消除对膳食中产生负面影响的锰。然而,T2 和 T3 的最高死亡率和 T1 个体的负面反应很可能表明能量不足和锰消除机制的高能量需求。即使在来自 T1(比 T0 高两倍)的毛毛虫的情况下,也记录了负面反应(食物消耗增加和发育延长)。我们还确定,与具有天然 Mn 浓度的 T0 相比,T1(T2 和 T3 由于死亡率不包括在本评估中)和排泄物(T1-T3)的蛹中的 Mn 浓度显着增加。毛毛虫被认为通过易位到排泄物来消除对膳食中产生负面影响的锰。然而,T2 和 T3 的最高死亡率和 T1 个体的负面反应很可能表明能量不足和锰消除机制的高能量需求。即使在来自 T1(比 T0 高两倍)的毛毛虫的情况下,也记录了负面反应(食物消耗增加和发育延长)。我们还确定,与具有天然 Mn 浓度的 T0 相比,T1(T2 和 T3 由于死亡率不包括在本评估中)和排泄物(T1-T3)的蛹中的 Mn 浓度显着增加。毛毛虫被认为通过易位到排泄物来消除对膳食中产生负面影响的锰。然而,T2 和 T3 的最高死亡率和 T1 个体的负面反应很可能表明能量不足和锰消除机制的高能量需求。我们还确定,与具有天然 Mn 浓度的 T0 相比,T1(T2 和 T3 由于死亡率不包括在本评估中)和排泄物(T1-T3)的蛹中的 Mn 浓度显着增加。毛毛虫被认为通过易位到排泄物来消除对膳食中产生负面影响的锰。然而,T2 和 T3 的最高死亡率和 T1 个体的负面反应很可能表明能量不足和锰消除机制的高能量需求。我们还确定,与具有天然 Mn 浓度的 T0 相比,T1(T2 和 T3 由于死亡率不包括在本评估中)和排泄物(T1-T3)的蛹中的 Mn 浓度显着增加。毛毛虫被认为通过易位到排泄物来消除对膳食中产生负面影响的锰。然而,T2 和 T3 的最高死亡率和 T1 个体的负面反应很可能表明能量不足和锰消除机制的高能量需求。
更新日期:2020-06-16
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