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Characterisation of snowfall events in the northern Iberian Peninsula and the synoptic classification of heavy episodes (1988‐2018).
International Journal of Climatology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-29 , DOI: 10.1002/joc.6646
Fernando Pablo Dávila 1 , Luís J. Rivas Soriano 1 , Manuel Mora García 2 , Ángel González‐Zamora 1
Affiliation  

Historic snowfall events in the northern Iberian Peninsula recorded between 1988 and 2018 are presented and analysed. This study makes use of data collected over a course of 31 years from 105 observation stations. These weather reports describe the temporal and spatial characteristics of five Spanish provinces facing the Cantabrian Sea. The average number of snow events observed per year (as recorded by all 105 stations) was 133, where a maximum of 421 snow events was recorded in 2010 and a minimum of 24 events were recorded in 2002. In addition, the monthly distribution of snow events per day had a maximum of 630 events, (February), with a mean monthly value of 170 snow events. Other features like the distribution of snow events depending on the altitude of each province studied and the corresponding spatial patterns are also shown. Furthermore, the circulation patterns responsible for heavy snowfall in the region were also examined. To carry out this study, we considered the daily patterns at 1200 UTC of the geopotential height at 500 and 850 hPa pressure levels and sealevel pressure and temperature at 500 and 850 hPa respectively. The synoptic situations were classified based on a principal component analysis coupled with a K-means clustering, and four groups associated with heavy snowfall events were subsequently identified. The analysis of the daily synoptic patterns showed that a trough was present over the Iberian Peninsula, or close by, and a low appeared over the Mediterranean Sea or Central Europe. The low-level flow was from the north (N) or northeast (NE) in ~ 85% of the cases and the temperature at 850 hPa pressure level was lower than -3oC in ~ 70% of the cases.

中文翻译:

伊比利亚半岛北部降雪事件的特征和强降水的天气分类(1988-2018)。

介绍并分析了 1988 年至 2018 年间记录的伊比利亚半岛北部历史性降雪事件。这项研究利用了从 105 个观测站在 31 年的时间里收集的数据。这些天气报告描述了面向坎塔布连海的五个西班牙省份的时空特征。每年观测到的平均降雪事件数(所有 105 个站点记录)为 133 次,其中 2010 年最多记录了 421 次降雪事件,2002 年最少记录了 24 次降雪事件。此外,雪的月分布每天的事件最多有 630 个事件(2 月),月平均值为 170 个雪事件。还显示了其他特征,例如根据所研究的每个省的海拔高度的降雪事件分布以及相应的空间模式。此外,还研究了导致该地区大雪的环流模式。为了开展这项研究,我们考虑了 1200 UTC 时位势高度在 500 和 850 hPa 压力水平以及海平面压力和温度分别在 500 和 850 hPa 的每日模式。天气情况根据主成分分析和 K 均值聚类进行分类,随后确定了与大雪事件相关的四组。对每日天气模式的分析表明,伊比利亚半岛或附近出现低压槽,地中海或中欧出现低压。在约 85% 的情况下,低层气流来自北方 (N) 或东北 (NE),在约 70% 的情况下,850 hPa 压力水平下的温度低于 -3oC。
更新日期:2020-06-29
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