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Addressing social attitudes toward lethal control of wildlife in national parks
Conservation Biology ( IF 6.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-14 , DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13468 María Martínez-Jauregui 1, 2 , Miguel Delibes-Mateos 3 , Beatriz Arroyo 4 , Mario Soliño 5
Conservation Biology ( IF 6.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-14 , DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13468 María Martínez-Jauregui 1, 2 , Miguel Delibes-Mateos 3 , Beatriz Arroyo 4 , Mario Soliño 5
Affiliation
The extraordinary population growth of certain ungulate species is increasingly a concern in agroforestry areas because overabundance may negatively affect natural environments and human livelihoods. However, society may have negative perceptions of killing wildlife to reduce their numbers and mitigate damage. We used an online survey that included a choice experiment to determine Spanish citizens' (n = 190) preferences toward wildlife population control measures related to negative effects of ungulate overabundance (negative impacts on vegetation and other wildlife species and disease transmission to livestock) in 2 agroforestry national parks in Spain. We used latent-class and willingness-to-pay in space models to analyze survey results. Two percent of respondents thought a national park should have no human intervention even if lack of management may cause environmental degradation, whereas 95% of respondents favored efforts to reduce damage caused by overabundant ungulate species. We estimated human well-being losses of survey respondents when sustainable effects of deer overabundance on the environment became unsustainable effects and well-being gains when sustainable effects transitioned to no visible effects. We found that the type of wildlife-control program was a very relevant issue for the respondents; indirect control in which killing was avoided was the preferred action. Sixty-six percent of respondents agreed with the option of hunters paying for culling animals to reduce ungulate impacts rather than management cost coming out of taxes, whereas 19% of respondents were against this option and willing to pay for other solutions in national parks. Our results suggest that killing wildlife in national parks could be a socially acceptable tool to manage overabundance problems in certain contexts, but it could also generate social conflicts.
中文翻译:
解决对国家公园野生动物致命控制的社会态度
某些有蹄类动物种群的异常增长在农林业领域日益受到关注,因为数量过多可能会对自然环境和人类生计产生负面影响。然而,社会可能对杀死野生动物以减少其数量和减轻损害有负面看法。我们使用了一项在线调查,其中包括一项选择实验,以确定西班牙公民(n = 190)对野生动物种群控制措施的偏好,这些措施与 2西班牙的农林业国家公园。我们在空间模型中使用了潜在类别和支付意愿来分析调查结果。2% 的受访者认为,即使缺乏管理可能导致环境退化,国家公园也不应该进行人为干预,而 95% 的受访者赞成努力减少过多有蹄类动物物种造成的损害。当鹿过多对环境的可持续影响变成不可持续的影响时,我们估计了调查受访者的人类福祉损失,而当可持续影响转变为没有明显影响时,福祉得到了改善。我们发现野生动物控制计划的类型对受访者来说是一个非常相关的问题;避免杀戮的间接控制是首选行动。66% 的受访者同意猎人支付猎杀动物费用以减少有蹄类动物影响的选择,而不是来自税收的管理成本,而 19% 的受访者反对这种选择,并愿意为国家公园的其他解决方案付费。我们的研究结果表明,在某些情况下,杀死国家公园中的野生动物可能是一种社会可接受的工具,用于管理过度过剩问题,但它也可能引发社会冲突。
更新日期:2020-05-14
中文翻译:
解决对国家公园野生动物致命控制的社会态度
某些有蹄类动物种群的异常增长在农林业领域日益受到关注,因为数量过多可能会对自然环境和人类生计产生负面影响。然而,社会可能对杀死野生动物以减少其数量和减轻损害有负面看法。我们使用了一项在线调查,其中包括一项选择实验,以确定西班牙公民(n = 190)对野生动物种群控制措施的偏好,这些措施与 2西班牙的农林业国家公园。我们在空间模型中使用了潜在类别和支付意愿来分析调查结果。2% 的受访者认为,即使缺乏管理可能导致环境退化,国家公园也不应该进行人为干预,而 95% 的受访者赞成努力减少过多有蹄类动物物种造成的损害。当鹿过多对环境的可持续影响变成不可持续的影响时,我们估计了调查受访者的人类福祉损失,而当可持续影响转变为没有明显影响时,福祉得到了改善。我们发现野生动物控制计划的类型对受访者来说是一个非常相关的问题;避免杀戮的间接控制是首选行动。66% 的受访者同意猎人支付猎杀动物费用以减少有蹄类动物影响的选择,而不是来自税收的管理成本,而 19% 的受访者反对这种选择,并愿意为国家公园的其他解决方案付费。我们的研究结果表明,在某些情况下,杀死国家公园中的野生动物可能是一种社会可接受的工具,用于管理过度过剩问题,但它也可能引发社会冲突。