Succinic acid is a “hot molecule” identified by United States Department of Energy as a substitute for petrochemicals with great scope for its production from biomass. It is used as an intermediate for the production of a huge variety of everyday consumer products with an addressable market share of billions of dollars. Succinic acid and its derivatives are mainly used as pharmaceuticals, adhesives, solvents, intermediates for polymer synthesis, and food additives. Succinic acid is commercially produced from petrochemicals and there is a deficiency of economically viable catalytic processes for its large‐scale production from biomass. Recently, a lot of biochemical routes have been devised to enhance its production from biomass resources, but such processes are time‐consuming and involve tedious separation procedures. Therefore, this Review focuses on metal‐based and metal‐free heterogeneous catalytic routes for the synthesis of succinic acid from biomass derived products. The presence of uniform channels, cavities, active sites of various strengths, and the unique surface structure of the heterogeneous catalysts are a few of the interesting features that promote their use in industrial processes.

中文翻译：

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从生物质资源可持续生产琥珀酸的非均相催化路线的最新进展。

琥珀酸是美国能源部确定的“热分子”，可替代石化产品，具有很大的生物质生产潜力。它被用作生产各种日常消费产品的中间体，可寻址的市场份额达数十亿美元。琥珀酸及其衍生物主要用作药物，粘合剂，溶剂，聚合物合成中间体和食品添加剂。琥珀酸是从石化产品中商业生产的，其从生物质的大规模生产缺乏经济可行的催化方法。近来，已经设计出许多生化途径来提高其从生物质资源的生产，但是这些过程耗时并且涉及繁琐的分离程序。因此，本综述重点关注从生物质衍生产品合成琥珀酸的金属基和无金属多相催化路线。均匀的通道，空腔，各种强度的活性位点以及非均相催化剂的独特表面结构的存在是促进它们在工业过程中使用的一些有趣特征。