Viable cells with reduced fitness are often eliminated by neighboring cells with greater fitness. This phenomenon, called cell competition, is an important mechanism for maintaining a high-quality population of cells in tissues. Foundational studies characterizing cellular competition and its molecular underpinnings were first carried out utilizing Drosophila as a model system. More recently, competitive behavior studies have extended into mammalian cell types. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the field, focusing on new insights into the molecular mechanisms regulating competitive behavior in various cellular contexts and in cancer. Throughout the review, we highlight new avenues to expand our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of cell competition and its role in tissue development and homeostasis.

适应性降低的活细胞通常会被适应性更高的相邻细胞消除。这种现象称为细胞竞争，是维持组织中高质量细胞群体的重要机制。首先利用果蝇进行了表征细胞竞争及其分子基础的基础研究。作为模型系统。最近，竞争行为研究已经扩展到哺乳动物细胞类型。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了该领域的最新进展，重点是对调节各种细胞环境和癌症中竞争行为的分子机制的新见解。在整个审查过程中，我们重点介绍了新途径，以扩展我们对细胞竞争的分子基础及其在组织发育和体内平衡中作用的理解。