The scope of the present study aims at demonstrating the application of 3-D printing technology for catalytic applications. A novel microreactor containing immobilized palladium nanocatalyst (Pd/Co₃O₄) was designed and fabricated in-house for the efficient upgrade of liquid phase morin oxidation from batch to flow procedure. Reaction conditions such as time, reaction temperature, catalyst amount and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) concentration were investigated to fully benchmark the catalytic efficiency in both systems. The conversion and the kinetic data obtained in both systems reveal that the reaction proceeds faster in the flow reactor compared to batch under similar reaction conditions. In addition to enhanced catalytic activity, the stability of both systems was evaluated exemplarily by recycling and reusing recovered catalyst. The microreactor demonstrates an extended service life based on the recyclability studies conducted. Based on these results, the simple, low-cost 3-D printed reactionwares described in this study appears as a promising approach for the oxidation of morin dye in continuous flow.

Graphical abstract

本研究的范围旨在证明3D打印技术在催化应用中的应用。设计并制造了一种新型的包含固定化钯纳米催化剂（Pd / Co ₃ O ₄）的新型微反应器，以有效地将液相莫林氧化从批处理升级为流程。反应条件，例如时间，反应温度，催化剂量和过氧化氢（H ₂ O _2）进行了浓度研究，以完全确定两个系统中的催化效率。在两个系统中获得的转化率和动力学数据表明，与在相似反应条件下的分批反应相比，流动反应器中反应进行得更快。除了提高催化活性外，还通过回收和再利用回收的催化剂示例性地评估了两个系统的稳定性。基于进行的可回收性研究，微反应器具有更长的使用寿命。基于这些结果，本研究中描述的简单，低成本的3-D打印反应器似乎是一种在连续流动中氧化茉莉染料的有前途的方法。

图形概要