Abstract Chilling and heat requirements of peach cultivars and spectrums of chilling accumulation over the last 100 years (1919–2018) were evaluated to determine phenological characteristics for dormancy break in Republic of Korea. Chilling requirement was calculated by using Chill Hours, Utah, Dynamic, North Carolina, and Low Chilling models and heat requirement was estimated in growing degree hours (GDH). Chilling requirement of 15 cultivars ranged between 263 and 2123 chill hour (CH), 377 and 1134 chill unit (CU), and 21.3 and 74.8 chilling portion (CP). The Dynamic model showed the highest precision with the smallest variation among years, followed by the Utah model. Heat requirement ranged from 4824 to 5506 GDH and was positively correlated with flowering date. During last 100 years, the initiation date of chilling accumulation had been delayed for 10–12 days in Chill Hours and Utah models. In contrast, the Dynamic model showed no significant changes in chilling accumulation spectrum. Although the chill accumulation was enough to fulfill the chilling requirement so far in Republic of Korea, reduced chills were monitored from 100-year data. Therefore, continuous monitoring or estimation of chilling accumulation in the future is needed.

中文翻译：

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基于韩国 100 年记录的桃品种冷热需量及冷积累谱变化

摘要 对过去 100 年（1919-2018 年）桃品种的冷热需求和冷积累谱进行了评估，以确定韩国打破休眠的物候特征。冷却需求是通过使用寒冷时间、犹他州、动态、北卡罗来纳州和低冷却模型计算的，热量需求是按生长期 (GDH) 估算的。15 个品种的冷却要求介于 263 和 2123 小时 (CH)、377 和 1134 冷却单位 (CU) 以及 21.3 和 74.8 冷却部分 (CP) 之间。动态模型显示出最高的精度和最小的年份变化，其次是犹他州模型。热量需求范围为 4824 至 5506 GDH，与开花日期呈正相关。在过去的 100 年里，在寒冷时间和犹他州模型中，寒冷积累的开始日期被推迟了 10-12 天。相比之下，动态模型显示冷蓄积谱没有显着变化。尽管冷量积累足以满足韩国迄今为止的冷量要求，但根据 100 年的数据监测了冷量的减少。因此，需要对未来的冷蓄积进行持续监测或估计。