In Argentina, Eleusine tristachya has been recently reported as a problematic weed that can occur at high densities in spring and summer in fallows and in maize and soyabean. The reason for the increase in E. tristachya populations is that once the weed is established, it is difficult to eliminate because it produces a high number of seeds and plant regrowth occurs after herbicide treatments. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of post‐emergence application of herbicides (glyphosate, haloxyfop‐methyl and clethodim) at the seedling, vegetative and reproductive stages on the short‐term (biomass 30 days after treatment—30 DAT) and long‐term (tiller number and height and seed production—regrowth at 330 DAT) control of E. tristachya selected biotypes in outdoor pot experiments. Data fitted to a log‐logistic model. For all the herbicides considered, at the seedling and vegetative stages, short‐term control was achieved with low ED₅₀ and ED₉₀ values, whereas at the reproductive stage, ED₉₀ values were three‐ to sixfold (glyphosate), six‐ to 52‐fold (haloxyfop‐methyl) and five‐ to 13‐fold (clethodim) higher. Long‐term control at the recommended dose or lower was not possible at the reproductive stage as tiller regrowth and seed production occurred with all herbicides. It is advisable to control Eleusine tristachya when plants are small at the beginning of the growing season using the recommended herbicide dose. A delayed application will produce tiller regeneration the following year, and consequently, control would only be achieved applying an overdose, which can cause risks to health and the environment. We concluded that a management programme based on the combination of glyphosate with post‐emergence graminicides applied at early stages will be effective to control future infestations.

中文翻译：

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除草剂和除草剂的剂量对三叶草伊柳碱的短期和长期控制的影响

在阿根廷，最近有报道称，鸢尾三叶草是一种有问题的杂草，可在春季和夏季以高密度出现在休耕地，玉米和大豆中。Tristachya E. tristachya种群增加的原因是，一旦杂草建立，就很难消除，因为它会产生大量种子，并且在除草剂处理后会导致植物再生长。这项研究的目的是确定出苗后短期（治疗后30天-30 DAT的生物量）和苗期，营养和生殖阶段施用除草剂（草甘膦，氟草铵和杀虫草）的效果。玉米E的长期（分iller数量，高度和种子产量－330 DAT时的再生）控制室外盆栽实验中选择的生物型。数据符合对数逻辑模型。对于所考虑的所有除草剂，在苗期和营养期均以较低的ED ₅₀和ED ₉₀值实现了短期控制，而在生殖阶段，ED ₉₀值为草甘膦的三至六倍，草甘膦为六至52。倍（卤代甲氧甲基）和高5到13倍（保利定）。在生殖阶段不可能长期控制在推荐剂量或更低的剂量，因为所有除草剂都会发生分长大和种子产生。建议控制伊柳氨酸当在生长季节开始时使用推荐的除草剂剂量时植物较小。延迟施用会在第二年产生分till再生，因此，只能通过过量施用来控制，过量施用可能会对健康和环境造成风险。我们得出的结论是，基于草甘膦和出苗后杀草剂的早期联合应用的管理计划将有效控制未来的侵扰。