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On the shear thinning of non-Brownian suspensions: Friction or adhesion?
Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2020.104298
Anastasia Papadopoulou , Jurriaan J. Gillissen , Helen J. Wilson , Manish K. Tiwari , Stavroula Balabani

Shear thinning is fundamental to a broad range of particle suspensions, both in nature and in industrial applications. Yet the mechanisms governing it remain unclear. In particular, the distinct, and often competing, roles of the interparticle, particle-fluid interactions and the particle surface morphology need clarity. By using non-Brownian silica particles with different morphologies, surface functional groups and suspending media, here we reveal two different shear thinning mechanisms, controlled either by frictional or adhesion forces between particles. Smooth glass sphere suspensions in a polar medium (glycerol), where particles interact strongly with the solvent, showed no shear thinning even at high volume fractions (φ ≥ 0.5), while rough silica particles, with similar size distribution, induced shear thinning behaviour at φ values of 0.25 and above. The latter is attributed to the increased frictional contacts in the rough and irregular particles. Considering surface irregularity as elastically deformable asperities enabled us to estimate the critical load above which two neighbouring rough particles experience frictional contacts giving rise to shear thinning. In contrast, in a non-polar solvent (mineral oil), with which the particles do not interact strongly, both glass spheres and the rough silicas showed a pronounced shear thinning response and yield stress behaviour at volume fractions as low as 2% v/v. The rheology of these suspensions is dictated by the adhesion forces between the particles that lead to the formation of large agglomerates, which breakdown under increasing shear. The evolution of the sheared suspensions microstructure was captured using an optical shearing cell, which also enabled us to quantify the particle agglomeration characteristics using an aggregation index. To demonstrate the generality of our approach, we modified the surface chemistry of the glass spheres by introducing hydrophobic groups (e.g. a fluorosilane or palmitic acid) to inhibit inter-particle interactions and improve the dispersion of the otherwise inherently hydrophilic glass spheres in mineral oil; as expected, this suppressed the shear thinning behaviour of the suspensions. The present results clearly elucidate alternative design routes to control suspension rheology, whether to promote or suppress shear thinning, offering new insights for manufacturing and applications of complex particle suspensions.



中文翻译:

在非布朗悬浮液的剪切稀化上:摩擦还是粘附?

剪切稀化对于自然和工业应用中的各种颗粒悬浮液都是至关重要的。然而,控制它的机制仍不清楚。特别是,粒子间,粒子-流体相互作用和粒子表面形态的独特且经常相互竞争的作用需要明确。通过使用具有不同形态,表面官能团和悬浮介质的非布朗二氧化硅颗粒,在这里我们揭示了两种不同的剪切稀化机理,它们受颗粒之间的摩擦力或粘附力控制。在极性介质(甘油)中的光滑玻璃球悬浮液中,颗粒与溶剂强烈相互作用,即使在高体积分数下也没有剪切稀化(φ ≥0.5),而粗大的二氧化硅颗粒具有相似的粒度分布,则在φ处引起剪切稀化行为值大于等于0.25。后者归因于粗糙和不规则颗粒中增加的摩擦接触。将表面不规则性视为可弹性变形的凹凸,使我们能够估算出临界载荷,在该临界载荷下,两个相邻的粗糙颗粒将经历摩擦接触,从而导致剪切变薄。相反,在非极性溶剂(矿物油)中,颗粒之间不会发生强烈的相互作用,玻璃球和粗糙的二氧化硅都表现出明显的剪切稀化响应,并且体积分数低至2%v / v。这些悬浮液的流变性由颗粒之间的粘附力决定,该粘附力导致形成大的附聚物,该附聚物在增加的剪切力下破裂。使用光学剪切池捕获了剪切悬浮液微观结构的演变,这也使我们能够使用聚集指数来量化颗粒的团聚特性。为了证明我们方法的通用性,我们通过引入疏水基团(例如氟硅烷或棕榈酸)来抑制颗粒间的相互作用并改善原本为亲水性的玻璃球在矿物油中的分散,从而改变了玻璃球的表面化学性质。如预期的那样,这抑制了悬浮液的剪切稀化行为。本研究结果清楚地阐明了控制悬浮液流变学的替代设计途径,无论是促进还是抑制剪切变稀,为复杂颗粒悬浮液的制造和应用提供了新的见解。这也使我们能够使用聚集指数来量化颗粒的聚集特性。为了证明我们方法的通用性,我们通过引入疏水基团(例如氟硅烷或棕榈酸)来抑制颗粒间的相互作用并改善原本为亲水性的玻璃球在矿物油中的分散,从而改变了玻璃球的表面化学性质。如预期的那样,这抑制了悬浮液的剪切稀化行为。本研究结果清楚地阐明了控制悬浮液流变学的替代设计途径,无论是促进还是抑制剪切变稀,为复杂颗粒悬浮液的制造和应用提供了新的见解。这也使我们能够使用聚集指数来量化颗粒的聚集特性。为了证明我们方法的通用性,我们通过引入疏水基团(例如氟硅烷或棕榈酸)来抑制颗粒间的相互作用并改善原本为亲水性的玻璃球在矿物油中的分散,从而改变了玻璃球的表面化学性质。如预期的那样,这抑制了悬浮液的剪切稀化行为。本研究结果清楚地阐明了控制悬浮液流变学的替代设计途径,无论是促进还是抑制剪切变稀,为复杂颗粒悬浮液的制造和应用提供了新的见解。为了证明我们方法的通用性,我们通过引入疏水基团(例如氟硅烷或棕榈酸)来抑制颗粒间的相互作用并改善原本为亲水性的玻璃球在矿物油中的分散,从而改变了玻璃球的表面化学性质。如预期的那样,这抑制了悬浮液的剪切稀化行为。本研究结果清楚地阐明了控制悬浮液流变学的替代设计途径,无论是促进还是抑制剪切变稀,为复杂颗粒悬浮液的制造和应用提供了新的见识。为了证明我们方法的通用性,我们通过引入疏水基团(例如氟硅烷或棕榈酸)来抑制颗粒间的相互作用并改善原本为亲水性的玻璃球在矿物油中的分散,从而改变了玻璃球的表面化学性质。如预期的那样,这抑制了悬浮液的剪切稀化行为。目前的结果清楚地阐明了控制悬浮液流变学的替代设计途径,无论是促进还是抑制剪切变稀,为复杂颗粒悬浮液的制造和应用提供了新的见识。氟硅烷或棕榈酸),以抑制颗粒间的相互作用并改善原本为亲水性的玻璃球在矿物油中的分散;如预期的那样,这抑制了悬浮液的剪切稀化行为。本研究结果清楚地阐明了控制悬浮液流变学的替代设计途径,无论是促进还是抑制剪切变稀,为复杂颗粒悬浮液的制造和应用提供了新的见解。氟硅烷或棕榈酸)以抑制颗粒间的相互作用并改善原本为亲水性的玻璃球在矿物油中的分散;如预期的那样,这抑制了悬浮液的剪切稀化行为。本研究结果清楚地阐明了控制悬浮液流变学的替代设计途径,无论是促进还是抑制剪切变稀,为复杂颗粒悬浮液的制造和应用提供了新的见识。

更新日期:2020-05-13
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