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Influences of small hydroelectric power plants on homogenization of the ichthyofauna in a tropical river
Environmental Biology of Fishes ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-13 , DOI: 10.1007/s10641-020-00981-w
Dandhara Rossi Carvalho , Francisco Gerson Araújo

The native fishes of the Neotropical region have been heavily impacted by the construction of reservoirs that block the rivers in different degrees. Small Hydroelectric Power Plants (SHPP) have been an alternative way to take advantage of small electricity production potential, with low cost. However, there is no basis in the belief that SHPP have less deleterious effects on river habitat than large hydropower plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate eventual changes in the ichthyofauna because of the influences of SHPP in the middle reaches of a tropical river in south-eastern Brazil. The raised hypothesis is that SHPP change the ichthyofauna composition and increase the taxonomic and functional similarities (homogenization). Fish collections were carried out quarterly at six locations along a 20 km stretch of the Paraíba do Sul River, before and after the construction of the SHPP. The fish community structure changed between the two periods, with a decrease in the fish numerical abundance, whereas the species richness did not change. Sensitive species with specialized feeding habits (namely, Hartia loricariformis, Steindachineridium parahybae, Hypomasticus mormirops, Characidium alipioi, Chyphocharax gilbert, Corydoras nattereri and Pogonopoma parahybae ) occurred only before the SHPP, being replaced by several species of Characiformes, among them four of genus Astyanax (namely, A. giton, A. hastatus, A. taeniatus , and A. intemedium ) that are tolerant and omnivores; however, most of functional traits were maintained. The taxonomic dissimilarity increased significantly, whereas the functional dissimilarity did not differ between the two periods. The hypothesis of ichthyofauna homogenization was not confirmed in this study, probably because of the short time period since the SHPP construction.

中文翻译:

小型水力发电厂对热带河流鱼群均质化的影响

新热带地区的原生鱼类受到了不同程度阻塞河流的水库建设的严重影响。小型水力发电厂 (SHPP) 是利用低成本发电潜力的替代方式。然而,没有根据相信小水电站对河流栖息地的有害影响比大型水电站少。本研究的目的是评估由于 SHPP 在巴西东南部热带河流中游的影响而导致的鱼群最终变化。提出的假设是 SHPP 改变了鱼群组成并增加了分类和功能的相似性(同质化)。每季度在南帕拉伊巴河 20 公里的六个地点进行鱼类收集,SHPP建设前后。两个时期鱼类群落结构发生变化,鱼类数量丰度有所下降,而物种丰富度没有变化。具有特殊摄食习性的敏感物种(即 Hartia loricariformis、Steindachineridium parahybae、Hypomasticus mormirops、Characidium alipioi、Chyphocharax gilbert、Corydoras nattereri 和 Pogonopoma parahybae)仅出现在 SHPP 之前,被一些 Characiyx 中的几种物种所取代(即 A. giton、A. hastatus、A. taeniatus 和 A. intermedium),它们是宽容的杂食动物;然而,大部分功能特征得以保留。分类差异显着增加,而功能差异在两个时期之间没有差异。
更新日期:2020-05-13
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